职称英语考试卫生类模拟套题一

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2014年职称英语考试卫生类模拟套题一

　　第1部分：词汇选项(第1～15题，每　题1分，共15分)

2014年职称英语考试卫生类模拟套题一

　　下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。

　　1　The price of vegetables fluctuates according to the weather.

　　A　jumps　　　　　　　　 B　rises

　　C　falls　　　　　　　　　D　changes

　　2　Did you do that to irritate her?

　　A tease　　　　　　　　 B attract

　　C annoy　　　　　　　　D protect

　　3　Mary looked pale and weary.

　　A ill　　　　　　　　　　B tired

　　C worried　　　　　　　　D peaceful

　　4　The water in this part of the river has been contaminated by sewage (污水).

　　A　polluted　　　　　　　 B　downgraded

　　C　mixed　　　　　　　　D　blackened

　　5　Her treatment of the subject is exhaustive.

　　A　very boring　　　　　　 B　very thorough

　　C　very interesting　　　　 D　very touching

　　6　Alice is a fascinating girl.

　　A　a beautiful　　　　　　 B　a pretty

　　C　an attractive　　　　　 D　a pleasant

　　7　Her mood can be gauged by her reaction to the most trivial of incidents

　　A displayed　　　　　　　B shown

　　C proved　　　　　　　　D assessed

　　8　The old lady let her fiat to an English couple.

　　A offered　　　　　　　　B rented

　　C provided　　　　　　　D sold

　　9　She stood there, crying and trembling with fear.

　　A shaking　　　　　　　 B staggering

　　C struggling　　　　　　 D murmuring

　　10 They strolled around the lake for an hour or so.

　　A ran　　　　　　　　 B rolled

　　C walked　　　　　　　　D raced

　　11 The conclusion can be deduced from the premises.

　　A argued　　　　　　　　B derived

　　C permitted　　　　　　　D come

　　12 I can no longer tolerate his actions.

　　A put up with　　　　　　 B accept

　　C take　　　　　　　　　D suffer from

　　13 Our plan is to allocate one member of staff to handle appointments.

　　A ask　　　　　　　　　B persuade

　　C assign　　　　　　　　 D order

　　14 She has been the subject of massive media coverage.

　　A extensive　　　　　 B negative

　　C responsive　　　　 D explosive

　　15 I expect that she will be able to cater for your particular needs.

　　A supply　　　　　　　 B reach

　　C provide　　　　　　　 D meet

　　答案：

　　1. D　　2. C　　3. B　　4. A　　5. B

　　6. C　　7. D　　8. B　　9. A　　10. C

　　11. B　 12. A　 13. C　 14. A　 15. D

　　第2部分：概括大意(第1～8题，每题1分，共8分)

　　阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试　任务：(1)第1-4题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2-5段每段选择1个正确的小标题;(2)第5-8题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。

　　Facts about Stroke

　　1　Every 45 seconds,someone in America has a stroke.Every 3.1 minutes,someone dies of one.Stroke killed an estimated 167,661 people in 2000 and is the nation's third leading cause of death,ranking behind diseases of the heart and all forms of cancer.Stroke is a leading cause of serious,long-term disability in the United States.

　　2　Stroke is a type of cardiovascular(心血管的)disease.It affects the arteries(动脉)leading to and within the brain.A stroke occurs when a blood vessel that carries oxygen and nutrients(营养物)to the brain is either blocked by a clot(凝块)or bursts.When that happens,part of the brain cannot get the blood(and oxygen)it needs,so it starts to die.

　　3　The brain is an extremely complex organ that controls various body functions.If a stroke occurs and blood flow can't reach the region that controls a particular body function,that part of the body won't work as it should.If the stroke occurs toward the back of the brain,for instance,it's likely that some disability involving vision will result.The effects of a stroke depend primarily on the location of the obstruction(阻塞)and the extent of brain tissue affected.

　　4　The American Stroke Association has identified several factors that increase the risk of stroke.The more risk factors a person has,the greater the chance that he or she will have a stroke.Some of these you can't control,such as increasing age,family health history,race,and prior stroke.But you can change or treat other risk factors to lower your risk.Factors resulting from lifestyle or environment can be modified with a healthcare provider's help.Some of these include:high blood pressure,current smoking,heart disease,and high red blood cell count.

　　5　A stroke can happen to anyone at any moment.In fact about 600,000 people have strokes every year.For many years,there was no hope for those suffering a stroke.However,recent breakthroughs have led to new treatments.For the treatments to work,the person must get to a hospital immediately.

　　1.Paragraph 2__________.

　　2.Paragraph 3__________.

　　3.Paragraph 4__________.

　　4.Paragraph 5__________.

　　A　Effects of a stroke

　　B　Annual cost of stroke in the US

　　C　Definition and description of a stroke

　　D　Breakthroughs in treatment

　　E　Risk factors of stroke

　　F　Warning signs of a stroke

　　5.When a stroke occurs,the arteries leading to and within the brain__________.

　　6.A person's vision is likely to be affected if a stroke__________.

　　7.Some people can reduce their risk of stroke if they__________.

　　8.New treatments are now available to people who__________.

　　A　suffer from a stroke

　　B　will be affected

　　C　change their lifestyles

　　D　will take place

　　E　occurs at the back of his/her brain

　　F　controls various body functions

　　答案：C　A　E　D　B　E　C　A

　　第3部分：阅读判断(第1～7题，每题1分，共7分)

　　下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。

　　The Doctor in America

　　Self-employed private physicians who charge a fee for each patient visit have been the norm for American medical practice. Most physicians have a contract relationship with one or more hospitals in their community. They refer their patients as needed to the hospital, which usually charges according to the number of days a patient stays and the facilities - X-rays, operating rooms, tests -he or she uses.

　　Some medical doctors are on salary. Salaried physicians may work as hospital staff members, or residents, who are often still in training. They may teach in medical schools, be hired by corporations to care for their workers or work for the federal government's Public Health Service.

　　Physicians are among the best-paid professionals in the United States. In the 1980s, it was not uncommon for medical doctors to, earn incomes of more than $100,000 a year. Specialists, particularly surgeons, might earn several times that amount. Physicians list many reasons why they deserve to be so well rewarded for their work. One reason is the long and expensive preparation required to become a physician in the United States. Most would-be physicians first attend college for four years, which can cost nearly $20,000 a year at one of the best private institutions. Prospective physicians then attend medical school for four years. Tuition alone can exceed $10,000 a year. By the time they have obtained their medical degrees, many young physicians are deeply in debt. They still face three to five years of residency (住院医生实习期)in a hospital, the first year as an apprentice physician. The hours are long and the pay is relatively low.

　　Setting up a medical practice is expensive, too. Sometimes several physicians will decide to establish a group practice, so they can share the expense of maintaining an office and buying equipment. These physicians also take care of each other's patients in emergencies.

　　Physicians work long hours and must accept a great deal of responsibility. Many medical procedures, even quite routine ones, involve risk. It is understandable that physicians want to be well rewarded for making decisions which can mean the difference between life and death.

　　1.Many physicians in the US are self-employed private physicians

　　A.Right

　　B.Wrong

　　C.Not mentioned

　　2.No salaried physicians teach in medical schools in the US.

　　A.Right

　　B.Wrong

　　C.Not mentioned

　　3.Of all employed physicians, those hired by corporations are best paid

　　A.Right

　　B.Wrong

　　C.Not mentioned

　　4.Becoming a physician in the US costs considerable time and money.

　　A.Right

　　B.Wrong

　　C.Not mentioned

　　5.Physicians in the US are poorly rewarded for their work

　　A.Right

　　B.Wrong

　　C.Not mentioned

　　6.Anyone with a medical degree can set up a medical practice in the US

　　A.Right

　　B.Wrong

　　C.Not mentioned

　　7.There are more men physicians than women physicians in the US

　　A.Right

　　B.Wrong

　　C.Not mentioned

　　答案：1. A　　2. B　　3. C　　4. A　　5. B　　6. B　　7. C

　　第4部分：阅读理解

　　下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。

　　Diabetes (糖尿病) and Eye Damage

　　Over 2 million Canadians have diabetes. It is the leading cause of blindness in North Americans under 65 years of age. Diabetes is a condition where the body either cannot produce enough insulin (胰岛素) or cannot respond properly to insulin. Insulin is important because it moves glucose (葡萄糖), a simple sugar, into the body's cells from the blood. The food people eat provides the body with glucose, which is used by the cells as a source of energy. If insulin isn't available or doesn't work correctly to move glucose from the blood into the cells, glucose will stay in the blood, leading to high blood sugar levels.

　　High blood sugar levels damage the blood vessels, including the tiny blood vessels in the eye. This leads to an eye disease known as diabetic retinopathy (糖尿病型视网膜病). The retina (视网膜) is an area at the back of the eye that changes light into nerve signals. With diabetic retinopathy, some blood vessels in the retina are lost, and some of the other blood vessels begin to "leak" blood. This causes the retina to swell, and gradually cuts off its supply of oxygen and nutrients (滋养物). Eventually, the retina starts to grow new blood vessels to replace the damaged ones. Unfortunately, these new vessels are not as strong as the old ones. They are more likely to break, causing bleeding in the eye.

　　At first, people with diabetic retinopathy will not notice any symptoms. As the disease gets worse, they may notice blurred (模糊的) vision, black spots or flashing lights. As time goes on, it can progress to blindness. Everyone with diabetes is at risk for diabetic retinopathy, and the risk increases the longer you've had diabetes.

　　Fortunately, you can reduce your risk. If you do not have diabetes, but think you may be at risk for this condition, visit your doctor to be screened for diabetes. If you do have diabetes:

　　● Have frequent eye check-ups.

　　● Make sure that you monitor your blood sugar frequently and use your medications as recommended by your doctor. There is evidence to show that keeping your blood sugar under tight control can slow down eye damage.

　　● If you have high blood pressure, follow your recommended diet and medications to keep it under control. If you are not sure whether you have high blood pressure, or whether your blood pressure is under control, discuss this with your doctor.

　　6 Glucose cannot be turned into energy in the body

　　A without diabetes.

　　B without sugar.

　　C without insulin.

　　D without food.

　　7　The word "its" in the second paragraph refers to

　　A "the nerve's".

　　B "the blood's".

　　C "the eye's".

　　D "the retina's".

　　8　With diabetic retinopathy, the damaged blood vessels in the retina

　　A are stronger than what they used to be.

　　B cannot be properly replaced.

　　C are more likely to break than the new ones.

　　D may return to normal again.

　　9 The worst eye damage induced by diabetes is

　　A blurred vision.

　　B black spots.

　　C blindness.

　　D flashing lights.

　　10　To slow down eye damage, people with diabetes should try to

　　A use as many medications as they can.

　　B eat as little as possible.

　　C wear glasses as often as possible.

　　D keep their blood sugar under tight control

　　答案：6. C　　7. D　　8. B　　9. C　　10. D

　　第5部分：补全短文(第46～50题，每题2分，共10分)

　　阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后面有6组文字，请根据文章的内容选择5组文字，将其分别放回文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

　　Read With Greater Speed

　　Do you have difficulty reading in class? If so, a special reading program that helps match sounds with letters could speed up your brain.

　　At least one out of every five elementary school students in the US has trouble learning to read, even when the students are good at other subjects. __________(1)

　　Researchers from Yale University, US, studied a group of children from New York and Connecticut State. As part of the study, 37 struggling readers received special tutoring.

　　Every day, instructors worked with them on recognizing how written letters represent units of sound called phonemes (音素). __________(2)

　　By the end of the school year, these children could read faster than before. They also made fewer mistakes, and understood more of what they read than they could earlier in the year.

　　As part of their study, the researchers used a special machine to take action photos of the students' brains.

　　(3)__________ This is the same part of the brain that becomes active when good readers read. This activated brain area appears to include a structure that helps people recognize familiar written words quickly. In lower level readers, this structure remains inactive.

　　A year later, the brain structure was still working hard in the students who had gore through the special tutoring, and they continued to do well in reading tests __________(4)

　　However, some researchers still doubt the study. __________(5)

　　A　Many adults are interested in matching sounds with letters

　　B　The students also practiced reading aloud and spelling

　　C　The biggest challenge for many of these kids, scientists say, is matching sounds with letters.

　　D　Another group in the study who went through a more traditional reading program didn't show the same progress.

　　E　The pictures showed an increase in activity in the back of the brain on the left side.

　　F　They believe that reading without making any noise or linking words to sounds is more efficient.

　　答案：1. C　　2. B　　3. E　　4. D　　5. F

　　第6部分：完形填空

　　阅读下面的短文，文中有15处空白，每处空白给出了4个选项，请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案。

　　What Is Anthrax (炭疽)?

　　There's been a lot of talk about anthrax on the news lately. Some people are worried that anthrax may be connected to terrorist attacks or that terrorists may spread the germ that. (1) __________the disease. Federal officials and police are investigating this and taking (2)__________ to protect us.

　　In the meantime, it's important not to panic over anthrax. The chances that you and your family (3)__________ at risk are very tiny. One of the ways you can feel better is to learn about anthrax. When you know what it is and (4)__________ you can get it, it doesn't seem quite as scary.

　　So, what (5)__________ is anthrax?

　　Here are the facts on anthrax:

　　Anthrax is a bacterial infection caused by a germ. Although it's most common in farm (6)__________, like sheep, cows, pigs, horses, and goats, there's a very small chance that people can get it, too.

　　Anthrax spores (孢子) (a version of the germ in a protective shell that can live in the soil for years) cause the disease.

　　People may get anthrax if they are exposed to anthrax (7)__________. But here's the important part: just being exposed to these spores doesn't mean that a person will get (8)__________.

　　For a person to get sick, he would have to breathe in thousands of these spores all the way into his (9)__________. Or he'd have to eat meat contaminated with anthrax or handle (10)__________ that has anthrax spores. This may sound scary, but even when a person comes . (11)__________ contact with the spores, it's unlikely that he'll get sick. (12)__________ the bacteria do not get into the skin, digestive tract, or lung, the disease won't develop.

　　Anthrax is not spread from person to person the way the flu can spread from family member to (13)__________ member or classmate to classmate.

　　Anthrax can almost always be successfully treated with antibiotics (抗生素).

　　Anthrax is very rare. Until recently, anthrax wasn't even talked about because it was so rare —— and it still (14)__________! Even with all of the anthrax cases you are hearing about right now, a person's chances of getting anthrax are about the (15)__________ as they were before you heard about anthrax on the news - very, very low.

　　1 Araises B causes C takes D moves

　　2. A measures B ways C acts D deeds

　　3 A are B look C pose D turn

　　4 A that B what C how D whom

　　5 A namely B frankly C properly D exactly

　　6 A places B animals C households D insects

　　7 A germs B infections C risks D spores

　　8 A sick B frightened C wrong D worse

　　9 A stomach B lung C mouth D skin

　　10 A something B anything C what D which

　　11 A into B through C by D onto

　　12. A Unless B If C Although D Before