职称英语阅读中形式主语句型
形式主语句型(It作形式主语)是职称英语阅读题中的高频考查句型。现将职称英语试卷曾经出现过的形式主语句型进行如下归纳:
It 用作形式主语
当不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)或从句在某个句子中作主语时，为保持句子结构前后平衡，避免头重脚轻，因此常用it作形式主语置于句首，而将真正的主语放在句尾。此时it只起先行引导作用，本身无词义。
It 作形式主语的常见句型：
① It + be + 形容词 + to do sth. / doing / that ….
e.g. It is very important to learn a foreign language.
(学一门外语非常重要。)
It is useless crying over the spilt milk.
(覆水难收。)
It was really surprising that she married a man like that.
(她嫁给那样的.男士真让人惊讶。)
提示：that引导主语从句时， that仅仅起引导从句的作用，that不在从句中充当任何成分。
② It + be +名词词组 + doing / that ….
e.g. It is no good telling lies.
(撒谎没好处。)
It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film yesterday.
(你昨天没看成那部电影真遗憾。)
③ It + be + 过去分词 + that ….
该句型常见动词有：say, hope, think, suppose, expect, report, know, believe, decide, etc.
e.g. It is said that they have invented a new type of computer.
(据说他们发明了一种新型电脑。)
It was reported that more than 170 thousand people died in the 2004 tsunami.
(据报道，至少有十七万人在2004年那场海啸中丧生。)
④ It + seems / appears 等不及物动词 + that …./似乎.../看起来...
e.g. It seems that he enjoys pop songs very much.
(似乎他非常喜欢流行歌曲。)
It appears that Tom might change his mind.
(看来汤姆可能会改变主意。)
⑤ It + takes + (sb.) + some time + to do sth.
这是一个表示“(某人)花多少时间干某事”的句型，其中it是形式主语，代替后面的不定式(to do sth.)，句型中的sb.也可以省略。
e.g. It took me some time to read the reading materials.
(我花了一些时间才读完那段阅读材料。)
I am not sure, but I think it takes at least nine hours to get there.
(我不能肯定，但估计至少要九个钟头才能到那儿。)
语法作业(请把下面的句子翻译成中文):
1. Is it necessary to complete the design before National Day?
2. It is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.
3. Is it true that the scientist will give us a talk next month?
4. It doesn’t matter much which dress you are going to wear.
5. It is said that he is going to America for further study.
7. Is it possible to fly to the moon in a spaceship?
8. It will do you good to do some exercise every morning.
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