2016考研英语写作常见错误
考研英语写作考查学生的英语综合知识及运用。对中国学生而言，英语写作最大的困难就是表达，即语言的运用。纵观历年的考研英语写作，小编整理了一下考生容易出现的错误：
1. 审题不清，偏离主题。在考场上，许多考生处于时间的考虑，在在着手做写作部分时并未审清题目，且无构思的概念。这样的考生往往无从下笔或者毫无逻辑的开始着手写作，结果不是文不对题就是时间已过半，只好草草收场。
2. 准备工作不充分，考场慌乱易出错。许多考生都执着于考研写作的万能句子和及黄金模版，但部分考生对这些万能句子和模板复习时间及精力的投入不足，造成考场上各种慌乱中出现的错误。 且部分考生未能将已背会的万能句子灵活运用，造成复习知识的提取失败。
3. 汉语思维，中式英语。写作考查学生英语综合水平及能力，对学生综合能力要求较高。有的考生的英语遣词造句能力较差，在紧张的考场环境中，容易将汉语思维构思整篇写作。往往造成词不达意，思维表达混乱。
4. 固定搭配和用词习惯不当。英语语言的一大特点就是其丰富的习惯用语和固定搭配。英语中有大量的动词短语，介词短语，形容词短语，例如，部分考生经常会将 “spend much time in ...”(花费很多时间做某事)写成 “take much time in ...”; 再如，“帮某人一个忙”、“给某人恩惠” 应是“ do sb. a favour ”，部分考生可能会写成 “give sb a favour”。英语中的固定搭配及习惯用法有时看起来不符合逻辑，但却是地道用法。
5. 词汇量小，创造单词。平时词汇积累不够，能够运用在写作中的词汇量太少，好不容易知道如何运用但又无法正确拼写出来，结果只能用汉语拼音替代。除了部分词汇的拼写错误外，考生有时还会想当然而为之的自己“创造”单词。曾经就有考生将长城“The Great Wall”写成“ChangCheng”。这样在写作上“肆意妄为”，必然会导致成绩不太理想。
6. 句子成分逻辑混乱。由于受到母语结构的影响，考生易对句子成分的安排位置不当而造成逻辑混乱。例如，对句子主谓语及状语之间的位置安排不妥而造成的逻辑混乱：Our English class often told stories. 应改为：We often told stories in our English class。
7. 缺少及承上启下的句子和段落。文章的前后逻辑关系需要过渡词及过渡段落的使用。文章的逻辑性关乎着整篇文章的结构严谨，过渡词和过渡段落的使用可以使文章表达更合乎逻辑，文章紧凑。
There are at least three good reasons for this phenomenon. The spreading of foreign culture in our country in recent years may be the min reason. Many young people in our modern society have an open mind. Consequently, they are willing to accept new things. A lot of people have become richer and richer. They can pay for the expense to do that kind of things. There may be other reasons, but it is generally believed that the above mentioned reasons are commonly acceptable.
采用适当关联词，改进为：
There are at least three good reasons for this phenomenon. In the first place, the spreading of foreign culture in our country in recent years may be the min reason. Secondly, many young people in our modern society have an open mind. Consequently, they are willing to accept new things. Last but not least, a lot of people have become richer and richer. As result, they can pay for the expense to do that kind of things. There may be other reasons, but it is generally believed that the above mentioned reasons are commonly acceptable.
考研英语写作常见错误解析：
1) 主谓一致是考生必须在写作中要注意到的部分，例如：
误：A number of boy students is football fans.
正：A number of boy students are football fans.
误：The number of the students in this school have been increasing these years.
正：The number of the students in this school has been increasing these years.
误：The construction of the two new railway lines have been completed by now.
正：The construction of the two new railway lines has been completed by now.
主谓一致中的就近一致，例如：
误： There are a rubber and two pencils in the box.
正： There is a rubber and two pencils in the box.
误： There is a wide variety of people on the earth.
正： There are a wide variety of people on the earth.
2)时态语态，在不同的写作要求中，文章时态的使用必须要谨慎。
描述图画应该用进行时：
误：As is shown in the picture, there are two handicapped individuals bind their disabled legs together and hold fast to each other’s shoulders, with their crutches left behind each other.
正：As is shown in the picture, there are two handicapped individuals binding their disabled legs together and holding fast to each other’s shoulders, with their crutches left behind each other.
描述图表应该用过去时：
误：As is illustrated by the chart, mobile-phone subscription number is increasing to 8 times from 2000 to 2008.
正：As is illustrated by the chart, mobile-phone subscription number increased to 8 times from 2000 to 2008.
误：This bar chart indicates different market shares of automobiles of three types of brand between 2008 and 2009. In 2008, cars with Japanese brands top the three types of vehicles, accounting for 35% of the market. The years of 2009 has witnessed a huge change that Chinese brands hit 32% of the auto market, while cars with Japanese and American brands take 25% and 15% of the whole market respectively.
正：This bar chart indicates different market shares of automobiles of three types of brand between 2008 and 2009. In 2008, cars with Japanese brands topped the three types of vehicles, accounting for 35% of the market. The years of 2009 has witnessed a huge change that Chinese brands hit 32% of the auto market, while cars with Japanese and American brands took 25% and 15% of the whole market respectively.
在预测趋势的文章中，需要用一般将来时：
误：I believe then the relationship between people is harmonious and our society is a better place for us in the future.
正：I believe then the relationship between people will be harmonious and our society will be a better place for us in the future.
3)可数名词与不可数名词，名词的单复数，例如：
误：Large quantities of food have been stored for the winter.
正：Large quantities of food has been stored for the winter.
误：Generally, students’ inner motivation with high expectations from others areessential to their development. (is)
正：Generally, students’ inner motivation with high expectations from others isessential to their development.
4)介词搭配，例如：
误：Mrs. Smith’s wallet was stolen of on her way home.
正：Mrs. Smith’s wallet was stolen from her on her way home.
Mrs. Smith’s wallet was robbed of her on her way home.
误：For my part, I agree to the latter opinion for the following reasons.
正：For my part, I agree with the latter opinion for the following reasons.
误：We agreed to leaving there the next day.
正：We agreed on leaving there the next day.
5) 单词大小写及拼写错误，在写作中，题目的大小写(除冠词、连词和介词外， 其他词原则上都应该第一个字母大写);例如：
误：Human needs and wants
正：Human Needs and Wants
误：He said, “he is going to Shanghai next week”.
正：He said, “He is going to Shanghai next week”.
6)专有名词(人名，地名，书名)和缩写字母要大写;头衔在专有名词前要大写，在专有名词后则小写;例如：
误：Caption smith
正：Caption Smith/Smith, the captain
误：I am writing to recommend you to read Wealth of Nations for the club reading sessions.
正：I am writing to recommend you to read Wealth of Nations for the club reading sessions.
7)分清及物动词与不及物动词，例如：
误：He arrived Paris the day before yesterday.
正：He reached Paris the day before yesterday.
8)被动语态与主动语态，例如：
误：The question is hard to be understood.
正：The question is hard to understand.
9 )词类混淆，将动词或形容词误作名词用，将名词或动词误作形容词用等。例如：
误：It's becoming difficulty to remember things for her.
正：It's becoming difficult to remember things for her.
误：There was no difficult in persuading her.
正：There was no difficulty in persuading her.
10)冠词，情态动词，介词，代词等方面的应用，例如：
误：Favorable attitude to the life can broaden our experience and enhance our vigor then to create a enthusiastic environment for our society.
正：Favorable attitude to the life can broaden our experience and enhance our vigor then to create an enthusiastic environment for our society.
误：As a result, they can paid for the expense to do that kind of things.
正：As a result, they can pay for the expense to do that kind of things.
11) 标点符号，写文章时，切忌从头到尾只用逗号的现象，每完成一句话，需要正确的使用标点符号来标注出。同时也要注意正确使用逗号和分号。例如：
误：Some people use the computer to help them to complete their work, such as the tank workers, while some people use the computer to play games, for example, some old person like to play game on computer.
正：Some people use the computer to help them to complete their work. Such as the tank workers. While some people use the computer to play games. For example, some old person like to play game on computer.
在这篇文章中，小编从具体的方面着手，整理了11种考研写作易出现的基础错误。这些错误体现着一个考生综合的英语知识及能力。一篇优秀的考场作文时绝对不可以出现这样基础的错误。这些错误的出现会影响到写作部分的分数。因此，小编建议各位考生，在平时复习2016考研英语写作的过程中，把自己经常出现的基础错误记录下来。在不断改进这些错误的过程中，相信各位考生的英语综合能力也会有很大的进步。
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