4）动词的非谓语动词形式：

A.动词不定式：主要考查动词不定式作定语、宾语、宾语或主语补足语等的用法。还要注意动词不定式的被动式与完成式。

不定式作定语：If there is no choice， there is no decision ______（make） to be made

不定式作宾语： Robots ， already taking over human tasks in the automotive field， are beginning ________（see） . to be seen

不定式作宾补 I notice him _______（ leave ） the classroom. leave （可省略to）

不定式作主补：They were often compelled ______（work） twelve or fourteen hours a day.

to work（ 不可省略to）

We make them （to） work day and night. 不定式作宾语补语，在有些动词后可以省略TO

They are made to work day and night. 不定式作主语补语时，不可省略TO

B.分词：主要考查分词作定语、状语、宾语补足语的用法。注意现在分词与过去分词的区别。 另外，还有现在分词的被动式与完成式的形式。

分词作定语：Anyone ______（want） to understand the industry of the future will have to know about robotics. wanting

As research techniques become more advanced， the number of animals _____（use） in experiments may decrease. used

分词作状语： When ______（present） with a common case， sales managers tend to see sales problems and production managers see production problems. presented

________ （tell） that some guests were coming ， she shopped all morning in the supermarket. Having been told

Her body， with hands and feet _______（bind） ， was discovered by a traveler early in the morning. bound

分词做宾补： They may have their passports ______（remove） ， making leaving or “escaping” actually impossible. removed

动名词作宾语：If you cannot understand ， ask： “ Would you mind ______（rephrase） the question ， please ？” rephrasing

If we don‘t start out now， we must risk ______（miss） the train.

missing

形容词副词：

The more time you waste， the _____（easy） it is to continue wasting time.easier

As Jane was the _____（old） ， she looked after the other children in the family. eldest

词性转换：

The explorers were puzzled over what to do next because they were in a _____（trick）situation .

trick是名词或动词，应把它变为形容词tricky

These electric appliances are all similar in construction but each one is _____（specialize） in its function.

specialize 是动词，应把它变为形容词 specific或 special

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