2016综合职称英语备考阅读理解练习
2016综合职称英语备考阅读理解练习：
Longer Lives for Wild Elephants
Most people think of zoos as safe places for animals,where struggles such as having difficulty finding food and avoiding predators(猛兽)don't exist.Without such problems,animals in zoos should live to a ripe(成熟的)old age.
But that may not be true for the largest land animals on Earth.Scientists have known that elephants in zoos often suffer from poor health.Sometimes,they even become unable to have babies.
To learn more about how captivity(圈养)affects elephants,a team of international scientists compared the life spans of female elephants born in zoos with female elephants living outdoors in their native lands.Zoos keep detailed records of all the animals in their care,documenting factors such as birth dates,illnesses,weight and death.These records made it possible for the researchers to analyze 40 years of data on 800 African and Asian elephants in zoos across Europe.The scientists compared the life spans of the zoo-born female elephants with the life spans of thousands of wild female elephants in Africa and Asian elephants that work in logging camps(伐木场),over approximately the same time period.
The team found that female African elephants born in zoos lived an average of 16.9 years.Their wild counterparts who died of natural causes lived an average of 56 years —more than three times as long.Female Asian elephants followed a similar pattern.In zoos,they lived 18.9 years,while those in the logging camps lived 41.7 years.
Scientists don't know yet why wild elephants seem to get on so much better than their zoo-raised counterparts.Georgia Mason,a biologist at the University of Guelph in Canada who led the study,thinks stress and obesity(肥胖症)may be to blame.Zoo elephants don't get the same kind of exercise they would in the wild,and most are very fat.Social lives of elephants are also much different in zoos than in the wild,where they live in large herds and family groups.
The study raises some questions about acquiring more elephants to keep in zoos.While some threatened and endangered species living in zoos reproduce(生殖)successfully and maintain healthy populations,that doesn't appear to be the case with elephants.
41.Unlike other animals in zoos,zoo-raised elephants
A.live a long life.
B.give birth to many babies.
C.develop poor health.
D.have difficulty getting food.
42.Which of the following about the scientists'study is NOT true?
A.They compared zoo-born elephants with wild elephants.
B.They analyzed the records of 800 elephants kept in zoos.
C.The zoo-born elephants they studied were kept in European zoos.
D.They kept detailed records of all the elephants in their care.
43.It was found that,compared with female wild elephants,female zoo-born elephants
A.lived longer.
B.grew up faster.
C.died much earlier.
D.enjoyed the same life spans.
44.One of the possible reasons for the zoo-raised elephants'problems is that
A.they do not get proper food.
B.they do too much exercise.
C.they live in large herds.
D.they do not live in family groups.
45.It can be inferred from the last paragraph that
A.zoo-born elephants should be looked after more carefully.
B.zoos should keep more animals except elephants.
C.it may not be wise to keep elephants in zoos.
D.elephants are no longer an endangered species.
41.C 题意：不像动物园内的其他动物，园内饲养的大象_________。
题干中的关键词为“unlike不像;zoo-raised elephants动物园饲养的大象。”
根据文中第2段的1—2行：“科学家们已经发现动物园内的大象面临着很多的健康问题。”以此判断应选C项。
42.D 题意：有关科学家们的研究，下列哪一项不真实?
题干中的'关键词为“thescientists'study科学家们的研究;NOTtrue不真实。”
A项在3段的1—3行;B项和C项在3段的5—6行。是“动物园”而不是“科学家们”保留了详尽纪录，因此该题应选D项。
43.C 题意：已发现，与野生雌性大象相比，园内所生雌性大象……。
题干中的关键词为“comparedwith与…相比较;female wild elephants野生雌性大象;female zoo- born elephants园内所生雄性大象。”
根据文中第4段的1—3行研究小组发现，动物园出生的非洲雌象平均寿命是16.9年。而自然死亡的野生大象平均寿命是56年，是动物园大象的3倍多。”以此判断应选C项。
44.D 题意：动物园内饲养大象所存在问题的一个可能原因是_________。
题干中的关键词为“reasons原因;the zoo-raised elephants'problems园内饲养大象的问题
根据文中第5段的最后一句：“动物园大象的社会生活也很不同，不像野生大象那样过着群居的生活。”以此可以判断应选D项。
45.C 题意：从最后一段可以推断出_________。
题干中的关键词为“beinferred from从……可以推断出;the last paragraph最后一段。”
最后一段“该项研究提出了是否应该把更多的大象关在动物园内的问题虽然…似乎大象并非如此。”以此判断应选C项。
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