职称英语理工类A级完型填空练习题

时间：2021-01-10 10:11:35 职称英语我要投稿

2017年职称英语理工类A级完型填空练习题

　　下面是CN人才网小编整理的完型填空练习题，希望对大家有所帮助。

2017年职称英语理工类A级完型填空练习题

　　【1】完型填空练习题

　　Science and Truth

　　"FINAGLE" (欺骗) is not a word that most people associate with science. One reason is that the image of the scientist is of one who always (1) data in an impartial (不偏不倚) search for truth. In any debate - (2) intelligence, schooling, energy-the phrase "science says" usually disarms opposition.

　　But scientists have long acknowledged the existence of a "finagle factor"-a tendency by many scientists to give a helpful change to the data to (3) desired results. The latest of the finagle factor in action comes from Stephen Jay Gould, a Harvard biologist, who has (4) the important 19th century work of Dr. Samuel George Morton. Morton was famous in his time for analysing the brain (5) of the skulls as a measure of intelligence. He concluded that whites had the largest brains, that the brains of Indians and blacks were smaller,and (6), that whites constitute a superior race.

　　Gould went back to Morton's original data and concluded that the (7) were an example of the finagle at work. He found that Morton's "discovery" was made by leaving out embarrassing data, (8) incorrect procedures, and changing his criteria - again, always in favour of his argument. Morton has been thoroughly discredited by now and scientists do not believe that brain size reflects (9).

　　But Gould went on to say Morton's story is only an example of a common problem in (10) work. Some of the leading figures in science are (11) to have used the finagle factor. Gould says that Isaac Newton fudged out (捏造) to support at least three central statements that he could not prove. And so(12) Laudius Ptolemy, the Greek astronomer, whose master work, Almagest, summed up the case for a solar system that had the earth as its centre. Recent (13) indicate that Ptolemy either faked some key data or resorted heavily to the finagle factor.

　　All this is important because the finagle factor is still at work. For example, in the artificial sweetener controversy, for example, it is (14) that all the studies sponsored by the sugar industry find that the artificial sweetener is unsafe, (15) all the studies sponsored by the diet food industry find nothing wrong with it.

　　1 A collects B invents C misuses D enables

　　2 A of B over C in D with

　　3 A convey B destroy C modify D acquire

　　4 A created B written C examined D produced

　　5 A size B shape C tissue D cell

　　6 A however B then C though D therefore

　　7 A results B experiments C ideas D suggestions

　　8 A planning B making C using D searching

　　9 A creativity B reliability C intelligence D originality

　　10 A unusual B mental C scientific D manual

　　11 A taught B believed C tried D allowed

　　12 A was B had C could D did

　　13 A studies B events C developments D decisions

　　14 A feared B said C suggested D expected

　　15 A if B while C because D although

　　参考答案:

　　1. A　　2. B　　3. D　　4. C　　5. A

　　6. D　　7. A　　8. C　　9. C　　10. C

　　11. B　 12. D　 13. A　 14. B　 15. B

　　【2】完型填空练习题

　　Earth's Inner Core

　　Scientists have long struggled to understand what lies at the planet's center. Direct observation of its center is impossible, so researchers must (1) to other evidence.

　　In 1889, a German scientist detected a severe earthquake in Japan. Geophysicists concluded that shock waves (2) jolts (晃动) from one side of Earth through the center to the other side. Then in 1936, Danish geophysicist Inge Lehmann studied the waves' (3) to determine that within Earth's core of molten (熔化了的.) iron lies a solid inner core - but (4) that core was made of eluded (难倒) her. Other geophysicists quickly determined that Lehmann's inner core was composed mostly (5) iron. Since then, Lehmann's discovery has (6) conventional Earth science.

　　But now scientists are challenging traditional theory with new and radical (7). For example, Earth's center could actually contain an "inner core within the inner core," claim Ishii and colleague Adam Dziewonski.

　　Analyzing hundreds of thousands of earthquake wave (8), they maintain that the inner core has at its heart a tiny, even more solid sphere (球体). This sphere "may be the oldest fossil (9) from the formation of Earth," says Dziewonski.

　　Dziewonski and Ishii speculate that shortly (10) Earth formed around 4.8 billion years ago, a giant asteroid (小行星) smashed into the young planet and nearly melted it. But Earth's center didn't quite melt; it (11) mass as the planet cooled. The core within a core may be the kernel (核心) that endured. "Its presence could change our basic ideas about the (12) of the planet," Dziewonski says.

　　Dziewonski's idea is tame (温和的) compared to the (13) theories of independent geophysicist J. Marvin Herndon. Earth's inner core is made not of iron, he claims, but a (14) of nickel and silicon. Herndon has a truly revolutionary notion: Within the nickel silicide (硅化物) inner core is also an "inner" inner core - an 8 km-wide ball of the element uranium. Uranium is radioactive. Herndon thinks the uranium releases heat energy as its atoms (15) fission-split and crash into one another in a chain reaction. In other words, we may live on top of a gigantic, "natural" nuclear power plant.

　　1 A try B leave C turn D point

　　2 A create B receive C feel D overcome

　　3 A work B solution C job D patterns

　　4 A whether B what C why D how

　　5 A from B within C of D to

　　6 A followed B dominated C restored D opposed

　　7 A ideas B demands C phenomena D movements

　　8 A things B acts C methods D records

　　9 A taken B benefited C left D kept

　　10 A after B before C since D when

　　11 A expanded B modified C gained D melted

　　12 A size B origin C structure D shape

　　13 A radical B traditional C classical D conventional

　　14 A system B copy C model D compound

　　15 A charge B last C experience D show

　　参考答案:

　　1. C 2. A 3. D 4. B 5. C

　　6. B 7. A 8. D 9. C 10. A

　　11. C 12. B 13. A 14. D 15. C

　　【3】完型填空练习题

　　The Greatest Mystery Of Whales

　　The whale is a warm-blooded, air-breathing animal, giving birth to its young alive, sucking them-and, like all mammals, originated on land. There are many (1) of this. Its front flippers (鳍状肢), used for steering and stability, are traces of feet.

　　Immense strength is (2) into the great body of the big whales, and in fact most of a whale's body is one gigantic muscle. The blue whale's pulling strength has been estimated (3) 400 horsepower. One specimen was reported to have towed (拖) a whaling vessel for seven hours at the (4) of eight knots (节).

　　An angry whale will (5) a ship. A famous example of this was the fate of whaler Essex, (6) was sunk off the coast of South America early in the last century. More recently, steel ships have (7) their plates buckled (使弯曲) in the same way. Sperm whales (抹香鲸) were known to seize the old-time whaleboats in their jaws and crush them.

　　The greatest (8) of whales is their diving ability. The sperm whale dives to the bottom for his (9) food, the octopus (章鱼). In that search he is known to go as far down as 3,200 feet, where the (10) is 1,400 pounds, to a square inch. Doing so he will (11) underwater long as one hour. Two special skills are involved in this: storing up enough (12) (all whales are air-breathed) and tolerating the great change in pressure. Just how he does it scientists have not (13). It is believed that some of the oxygen is stored in a special (14) of blood vessels, rather than just held in the lungs. And it is believed that a special kind of oil in his head is some sort of compensating mechanism that (15) adjusts the internal pressure of his body. But since you can't bring a live whale into the laboratory for study, no one knows just how these things work.

　　1 A aspects B signs C ways D reasons

　　2 A worked B divided C built D moved

　　3 A at B in C of D with

　　4 A number B degree C distance D rate

　　5 A abandon B attack C leave D board

　　6 A as B who C which D that

　　7 A had B operated C seen D caught

　　8 A interest B job C danger D mystery

　　9 A favorite B fast C new D sufficient

　　10 A depth B pressure C level D size

　　11 A set B become C remain D rest

　　12 A heat B energy C food D oxygen

　　13 A witnessed B determined C applied D calculated

　　14 A system B place C arrangement D equipment

　　15 A mentally B artificially C manually D automatically

　　参考答案:

　　1. B 2. C 3. A 4. D 5. B

　　6. C 7. A 8. D 9. A 10. B

　　11. C 12. D 13. B 14. A 15. D

　　【4】完型填空练习题

　　Computers

　　Before the widespread use of computers, managers could not (1) full use of large amounts of valuable information about a company's activities. The information either (2) managers too late or was too expensive to be used. Today, managers are facing a wide (3) of data processing and information instruments. Managers can draw on computer-based information systems to control (4) in every area of their company. On any kinds of performance measures, the information provided by these systems helps managers compare standards (5) actual results, find problems, and take proper action (6) it is too late to make changes.

　　The (7) of computerized (电脑化) information systems has sharply changed management control in many companies. Even a neighborhood shopkeeper may now use computers to (8) sales, billing, and other activities.

　　Now, there are about 24 million microcomputers in (9) in the United States m one for every 10 citizens. It is (10) that by 1996, 61 percent of American managers will be using some sort of electronic work station. In order for managers to be sure that the computer-based information they are receiving is (11), they need to understand how computers work. However, in most (12) they do not need to learn how to program computers. Rather, managers should understand how computerized information systems work; how they are (13); their limitations and costs; and the manner in which information systems may be used. (14) an understanding is not difficult to achieve.

　　One research found that business firms were more successful in teaching (15) information about computers to business graduates than they were in teaching business subjects to computer science graduates.

　　1 A take B have G make D get

　　2 A found B changed C reached D influenced

　　3 A district B range C band D aspect

　　4 A actions B activities C acts D activation

　　5 A with B to C for D by

　　6 A until B before C while D when

　　7 A donation B conversion C auction D introduction

　　8 A work B reduce C control D change

　　9 A use B usage C activity D construction

　　10 A estimated B taught C called D recommended

　　11 A innovative B necessary C accurate D strict

　　12 A occasions B times C cases D examples