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考研阅读重点预测:美国大选知识

时间:2021-02-15 10:27:33 考研试题 我要投稿

2017考研阅读重点预测:关于美国大选知识

  下面是CN人才网为大家整理的2017考研阅读重点预测,欢迎参考~

2017考研阅读重点预测:关于美国大选知识

  2017考研阅读重点预测:关于美国大选知识

  美国选举中选票有两种:

  选民票:每一个在美国居住了6个月以上的美国公民都有权利投出的选票。

  选举人票:根据人口比例每州有一定的.选举人数量。比如:加利福尼亚州达55张,德克萨斯州38张,纽约州29张,而阿拉斯加、特拉华和怀俄明等每州只有3张;总共538张票;

  获得选举人票多数的候选人当选美国总统;

  两党候选人在各州拉选票,获选民票多的一方获得该州的全部选举人票;这叫赢者通吃;

  这就是选举人票制度;这是美国特有的制度。

  优点:

  以"州"为选举单位。这个多数,不是全国范围的"多数",而是每一个州的选民多数,这样更能保护小州的权益。这种制度迫使总统候选人不能只看重几个大州,而是看重每一个州,在每一个州获得多数选票。

  缺点:

  可能出现候选人虽然拿到全国多数选民票数却仍落选的情况,与民主政治的基本原则有所背离。

  今天的题目:

  The vast consolidation within the rail industry means that most shippers are served by only one rail company. Railroads typically charge such “captive” shippers 20 to 30 percent more than they do when another railroad is competing for the business. Shippers who feel they are being overcharged have the right to appeal to the federal government’s Surface Transportation Board for rate relief, but the process is expensive, time-consuming, and will work only in truly extreme cases.

  It can be inferred from Paragraph 3 that ________.

  [A] shippers will be charged less without a rival railroad

  [B] there will soon be only one railroad company nationwide

  [C] overcharged shippers are unlikely to appeal for rate relief

  [D] a government board ensures fair play in railway business

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