焦油蒸馏工段的初步设计开题报告
篇一：年产19万吨煤焦油工厂处理蒸馏工段的初步设计
河北联合大学轻工学院
QINGGONG COLLEGE, HEBEI UNITED UNIVERSITY
毕业设计说明书
设计题目：19万t/a煤焦油工厂处理蒸馏工段的初步设计
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摘 要
本设计为19万t/a焦油加工厂焦油蒸馏工段的初步设计。重点介绍了蒸馏工艺，通过对现有工艺比较，选用了国内应用较多且比较成熟的常压两塔式焦油蒸馏工艺。首先对主要设备进行了物料衡算和热量衡算以及设计计算及设备选型，确定了塔径和塔高，并对塔板进行设计计算和流体力学校核；对馏分塔进行了机械设计和强度校核；最后给出非工艺条件。并用Auto-CAD绘制了带控制点的工艺流程图，精馏塔结构图，车间布置图。
本设计的主要设备有：圆筒式管式炉350万千卡/小时，一段蒸发器的直径DN=1600mm、二段蒸发器直径DN=2400mm、馏分塔直径DN=1800mm，塔高H=28000mm，塔板数为47，蒽塔DN=1800mm，塔板数为21，塔高H=17000mm,一段冷凝冷却器的换热面积是72m2，馏分塔冷凝冷却器的换热面积是296 m2，蒽油浸没式冷却器的.换热面积是12m2等。
关键词: 煤焦油；焦油蒸馏；馏分塔
Abstract
This design is the preliminary design of the section of 190000 t/a tar distillation in tar processing factory and mainly introduces the distillation process.According to comparing the existing process, chosing the domestic application of more and more mature tar distillation tower is two columns continuous distillation of coal tar. First of all, do the material balance and heat balance calculation，design calculation and equipment selection for he main equipment, and determine the diameter and height of the tower, and do the tower board calculation and check design of fluid mechanics；distillation tower were mechanically designed and strengthly checked；finally，the process conditions；distillate tower mechanical design and The strength check; Finally, non-process conditions.By Auto-CAD,drawing piping and instrument diagram，the distillation column chart and workshop layout.
The results of the design of the main equipment is as follows.Cylindrical tube type furnace is 3.5 million kcal/h, the diameter of evaporator is 1600mm, the diameter of two sections of evaporator is 2400mm, and the diameter of fractions tower is 1800mm, whose height is 28000mm, the number of whose plate is 47, and the diameter of anthraquinone tower is 1800mm, the number of whose tower plate is 21 and whose height is 17000mm, and the cooler area of a condensation heat and the limonene condensation heat are respectively 72m2 and 296m2,and the heat transfer area of anthracene oil submerged type cooler is 12m2 etc.
Keywords: coal tar;tar distillation; fractions tower
目 录
摘 要.....................................................................................................................I Abstract ............................................................................................................... II
前言 ........................................................................................................................ 1
1 文献综述 ............................................................................................................ 2
1.1我国煤焦油加工工业的现状 .................................................................. 2
1.2煤焦油蒸馏工艺分类 .............................................................................. 3
1.2.1按工艺操作 ................................................................................... 3
1.2.2按操作压力 ................................................................................... 4
1.2.3焦油蒸馏新工艺 ........................................................................... 6
1.3煤焦油加工的环保、节能及装备水平 .................................................. 7
1.4发展前景 .................................................................................................. 8
2 工艺方案的确定及主要设备选择 .................................................................... 9
2.1 工艺流程确定 ......................................................................................... 9
2.2 主要设备选型 ......................................................................................... 9
3工艺计算 ........................................................................................................... 10
3.1物料衡算 ................................................................................................. 10
3.1.1整个流程的物料衡算 ................................................................... 10
3.1.2主要设备的物料衡算 ................................................................. 11
3.2主要设备计算 ........................................................................................ 12
3.2.1管式加热炉 ................................................................................... 12
3.2.2一段蒸发器 ................................................................................. 14
3.2.3二段蒸发器 ................................................................................. 15
3.2.4蒽塔 ............................................................................................. 15
3.2.5馏分塔 ......................................................................................... 17
3.2.6一段轻油冷凝冷却器 ................................................................. 19
3.2.7馏分塔轻油冷凝冷却器 ............................................................. 20
3.2.8浸没式冷却器（切萘洗量混馏分） ......................................... 21
3.3馏分塔塔板的工艺计算 ........................................................................ 22
3.3.1 塔径 ............................................................................................ 22
3.3.2 塔高 ............................................................................................ 23
3.3.3圆泡罩塔盘的设计 ..................................................................... 23
3.3.4板面布置 ..................................................................................... 24
3.3.5塔板压降 ..................................................................................... 26
3.3.6液冷情况 ..................................................................................... 28
3.3.7鼓泡层高度hf ............................................................................. 28
3.3.8排空时间T ................................................................................. 28
3.4蒽塔塔板的工艺计算 ............................................................................. 29
3.4.1塔径 ............................................................................................. 30
3.4.2圆泡罩塔盘的设计 ..................................................................... 30
3.4.3板面布置 ..................................................................................... 31
3.4.4塔板压降 ..................................................................................... 33
3.4.5液泛情况 ..................................................................................... 35
3.4.6鼓度泡层高hf ............................................................................. 35
3.4.7排空时间T ................................................................................. 35
3.5容器附件 ................................................................................................ 36
3.5.1人孔和手孔 ................................................................................. 36
3.5.2视镜 ............................................................................................. 36
3.5.3液面计 ......................................................................................... 36
3.5.4接管 ............................................................................................. 37
3.5.5法兰 ............................................................................................. 37
3.6 主要设备机械设计和强度校核 ........................................................... 37
3.6.1筒体和封头壁厚 ......................................................................... 38
3.6.2塔设备载重计算 ......................................................................... 38
3.6.3风载荷与风弯矩计算 ................................................................. 41
3.6.4地震弯矩计算 ............................................................................. 43
3.6.5各种载荷引起的轴向应力 ......................................................... 45
3.6.6 塔体最大组合轴向拉应力校核 ................................................ 48
3.6.7 塔体水压时应力及吊装时应力校核 ........................................ 49
3.6.8吊装时应力校核校核 ................................................................. 51
3.6.9基础环设计 ................................................................................. 51
3.6.8地脚螺栓计算 ............................................................................. 53
4.非工艺条件设计 .............................................................................................. 55
4.1防火防爆等级 ........................................................................................ 55
4.2采暖通风 ................................................................................................ 55
4.3给水排水 ................................................................................................ 55
4.4供气 ........................................................................................................ 56
4.5设备维修 ................................................................................................ 56
4.6电力 ........................................................................................................ 57
4.7土建 ........................................................................................................ 57
结论 ...................................................................................................................... 58
参考文献 .............................................................................................................. 59
谢 辞 .................................................................................................................. 61
篇二：开题报告焦油蒸馏
篇三：黑龙江科技大学本科毕业设计开题报告
本科毕业设计开题报告
题 目：10万吨／年焦油蒸馏工段的初步设计
院 （系）： 环境与化工学院
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教师职称： 教授
2015年3月
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