2016年职称英语考试各题型特点及解题技巧
2016年职称英语考试各题型特点及解题技巧分析
一、词汇选项解题技巧
解题技巧
在职称英语考试过程中，词汇选项题是较为简单的一种题型，同时也是整个卷面的第一大题，因此词汇选项题做得好与坏直接影响到考生全部的临场心理状态。词汇选项题的较为快捷和实用的解决办法是：
1.把句子对单词的题转化成单词对单词、词组对单词、词组对词组或单词对词组的题，简而言之就是不需要读懂题干句子的意，只需要知道划线的单词词组的意思，以及选项中的单词或词组的意思即可。
2.查找字典，确定正确答案。在查字典的过程中还是要注意个别问题：
①对于选项查找的顺序问题。美国权威机构通过对标准化考试的研究与分析，最终得出结论：在答案是A)、B)、c)、D)四个选项，往往B)和C)正确的几率较大。因此查字典时我们最好从B)和c)答案查起。
②选项在字典中义项的确定问题。由于职称英语考试是全国统一的规范化考试，词汇考项的选择往往以常用词汇为主。因此，我们往往以字典中该选项的前三个义项为主。
③在确定了正确答案之后，其他选项就不必再查了。
3.词汇选项题需要注意的原则：
①(不)及物性一致的原则。也就是说划线单词或词组如果是(不)及物动词或词组，那么所选的动词或词组也必须是(不)及物动词或词组。
在这里还需要强调一下的是，我们在通过查字典方式做词汇题的时候，查找的重点有时有所不同。
②单(复)数一致的原则。也就是说划线单词如果是单(复)数可数名词，那么作为正确答案的选项也必须是单(复)数可数名词。
③时态一致原则
④意义一致原则
这是一个基本原则，意思相近的词才能入选正确答案。
⑤词性一致原则
4.词汇题的绝对准确要凭字典。
词汇题一般情况下仅凭字典一般也能做对，因此考生对自己不认识、不熟悉或没有绝对把握的题一定要通过字典来确认，从而确保词汇题100%的正确率。
二、阅读理解考试特点及解题技巧
专业技术人员以英语为工具，主要通过阅读获取相关学科和专业的信息，因此，全国专业技术职称英语等级考试也主要是考阅读理解。从考试题型来看，主要是多项选择题。该题型在职称英语等级考试中占15题，45分(占总分的45%)。另外，全国专业技术职称英语等级考试中还采用了阅读判断、概括大意与完成句子、补全短文和选择填空等题型，它们实质上也是考核阅读能力的题型。由此可见，为了通过全国专业技术职称英语等级考试，必须掌握最基本的阅读技能，努力提高阅读理解能力。
全国职称英语等级考试大纲就阅读理解能力的考核目标作了如下规定：
读者应能综合运用英语语言知识和阅读技能来理解本专业的或一般内容的英语书面材料。阅读能力主要包括下列几个方面：
1.掌握所读材料的主旨和大意;
2.了解阐述主旨的事实和细节;
3.利用上下文猜测某些词汇和短语的意义;
4.既理解个别句子的意义，也理解上下文之间的意义关系;
5.根据所读材料进行判断和推论;
6.领会作者的观点、意图和态度。
根据考试大纲规定的考核目标，我们归纳出相应的六种阅读理解题的类型，并具体地探讨如何答好这些阅读理解题。
1.掌握所读材料的主旨和大意
掌握所读材料的主旨和大意是正确理解全文的关键。对主题思想的提问是阅读理解测试的必考题。但提问方式及用词都有差异，这类题常见提问方式可归纳如下：
1. The main idea of this passage is _______
2. This passage tells us_______
3. Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the passage?
4. Which of the following sentences best summarizes the author's main point?
5. Which of the following best states the theme of the passage?
6. The subject matter of this selection is ______
7. The passage mainly discusses_______
8. This passage illustrates ______
9. This paragraph centers / focuses on ______
10. This passage mainly deals with ______
11. This passage is chiefly concerned with ______
12. The author's purpose in writing this passage is _______
13. What is the passage mainly about?
14. What is the best title of the passage?
15. The major point discussed in the passage is
解答这一类题目的基本方法如下：
A.找出主题句。首先要读标题，因为标题往往是主题句中的核心词或概括性的词。抓住全文中心思想的最快捷的途径就是找出主题句。主题句一般位于文章或段落的开始，然后围绕主题展开论述。因为许多作者喜欢采用从一般到个别的论证或叙述方式，即演绎法(deduction)。这是一种很常见的文章或段落的写作形式。若作者采用归纳法(induction)，即从个别到一般来论证或叙述，主题旬就会位于段末。除此之外，主题句还有可能位于段落的中间。找到主题句后，就应以它为标准，在解题时，凡是与主题句意思最接近的选项必然是正确的答案。
例1
In rock music there is a distinct and almost overwhelming beat.No single beat is characteristic of the music today. But each song has an easily recognizable rhythm.As you listen to a son9，your foot usually starts to pick up the beat.Before lon9，your entire body seems to be moving with it.Your head pounds with the beat，and there is no room for thought.Only the surge of the music is important.In its own way，rock music is as dominant as the rock Gibraltar. Its message is an evergrowing emotional one.
在这一段文章中 “In rock music there is a distinct and almost overwhelming beat.” 为主题句。beat则是句子的信息核心。该词在第2、4、6句里重复出现，而第3句中的“rhythm”(节奏)跟“beat”(强烈的节奏)意思基本一致，这就保证了主题平稳而持续的发展。请注意：第8、9句作者重申并总结了主题句，而不是说段末是主题句。
2.了解阐述主旨的事实和细节
为了准确理解每篇文章或每段文章的中心思想，我们必须要找到与中心思想有关的事实和细节。一个好的作者必然会引用事实、或分析原因、或对比事物间的关系等以论证自己的论点。常用以提问这类事实和细节的问题有两种。一种是要求找出文章中的重要事实或细节，这些常与wh0，when，where，which或why有关。另一种问题是辨认哪些细节在文章中没被提及。这些问题常有except，not(mentioned/true)，least等。例如：
1. What causes ?
2. Some people do sth. because__________
3. Sb. is … because ________.
4. Why does the author mention ……?
5. Which of the following best characterizes the main feature of……?
6. Where in the passage does the author describe……?
7. Which of the following does the author want to illustrate in discussing ……?
8. What time does the writer think is ?
9. What does the author pay least attention to?
10. Which of the following is not a result of _______?
11. All of the following may be …… except ________.
12. Which of the following is not mentioned?
13. Which of the following statements is true ?
14. The author states all of the items listed except_______.
为了正确回答这一类题目，读者往往要采用各种阅读方法和解题技巧，也就是综合解题法。在通读全文、掌握文章的中心大意的基础上，首先要仔细看懂问题，明确问的是什么，然后按照题意进行寻读，找到正确答案的根据。
7. Which of the following does the author want to illustrate in discussing ……?
8. What time does the writer think is ?
9. What does the author pay least attention to?
10. Which of the following is not a result of _______?
11. All of the following may be …… except ________.
12. Which of the following is not mentioned?
13. Which of the following statements is true ?
14. The author states all of the items listed except_______.
为了正确回答这一类题目，读者往往要采用各种阅读方法和解题技巧，也就是综合解题法。在通读全文、掌握文章的中心大意的基础上，首先要仔细看懂问题，明确问的是什么，然后按照题意进行寻读，找到正确答案的根据。
3.根据上下文判断某些词汇和短语的意义
在阅读理解测试中必然要考查对词或词组的意思的理解。这也是测试考生阅读能力的一种方法。在完整的语篇中，单词和词组的意义总是受特定的情景、上下文所限制的，因此可以根据上下文，并利用所掌握的句法、构词法和词汇等知识确定它们的意义。掌握这一基本技能不仅能帮助读者从词或词组的多种义项中选择符合上下文的解释，而且往往还能推测某些生词的大致意思。常见的这类题型有：
1. The word "……" in line …… refers to ______.
2. The expression "……" (line paragraph ……) is closest in meaning to
3. In line……， the word "……" most probably means ________
4. In line……， the word "……" could best be replaced by _________
5. By “……” the author means _________
6. The word "……"， as used by the author， most nearly means ________
7. In this passage， the word "……" means
8. "……" in the context of the passage refers to ???_________
9. “……”， as used in the passage， can best be defined as _________
4.既理解个别句子的意义，也理解上下文之间的意义关系
阅读理解不能仅仅停留在句子水平上。有的读者对一篇文章的一些个别句子好像是理解的，但由于不能理解它们与上下文中其他句子的逻辑关系，因而整篇文章讲的是什么则不能准确掌握。在阅读理解测试中，考核这一阅读技能的题目是大量的，而且题干的形式和措词没有固定形式，但从考核目标和内容来看，这一类题目往往要求读者准确理解一些有关联的句子之间的种种逻辑关系(例如概括和举例说明、前因后果、行为动机、比较、条件或让步等)。例如：
1. Which of the following may cause/lead to …… according to the passage?
2. Sb. is asked/advised to do sth. Because ________.
3. The aim of…… is/was ______.
4. The best solution for …… seems to be ________
5. is specifically mentioned in paragraph …… as an example of _______.
6. The author argues that a teacher's chief concern should be ________
7. According to the passage/author， people differ in their opinions about .
8. … encourages the use of sth. so that _______
9. According to the passage the new device proved to be _________
10. Which of the following best characterizes the main feature of…… ?
5.根据所读材料进行一定的判断和推论
判断和推理的能力对深刻理解一篇文章十分重要。特别是对理解作者字里行间的言外之意以及作者的观点、写作意图和态度十分重要。所以这也是阅读理解测试中常见的题目内容。这类题常要求考生推断文章的含义和引申意思;根据文章所提供的部分信息或文章的含义进行归纳;判断所节选文章的某一部分的内容要点;有时甚至要求推断作者的身分。下面是判断、推理的一些常见的表达方式：
1. What is implied in the sentence(s) …… ?
2. It is implied in the passage that
3. The passage implies / suggests that
4. It can be inferred/seen/concluded from the passage that
5. Which of the following can be inferred from this passage?
6. Which of the following can be concluded from this passage?
三、概括大意考试特点及解题技巧
概括大意题出题特点1：段落中有明显的段落主题句(通常出现在段落的开头部分， 如段首句; 有时还可能出现在段落的结尾处)
概括大意答题技巧1：利用段落中的段落主题句直接判断段落主题：
例子1：
A Origin(起源) of the tie
B British ties
C Uselessness(无用) of the tie
D Old-fashioned(过时的) ties
E Role(作用) of the tie
F Signs(迹象，标记) of a tieless era(时代)
23.Paragraph 2 _____.
2 That leads to (导致) another question.(不是直接涉及文章主题的观点性/概括性的.话语) Why does anyone wear a tie? Ties serve no purpose(没有用途)(该句是直接涉及文章主题的观点性话语，因此很可能是段落主题句)。(解释性的话语：) They do not cover(覆盖) any part of your body (身体)and keep(使……保持……) you warm. They always seem to get covered in food stains. Perhaps that is the purpose of the tie. It lets everyone know what you just ate.
补充：英语通常写作逻辑：观点句/概括句 + 分析解释(如： 举例说明)
例子1：
A Education
B People
C Transport(交通)
D Drinks(酒/饮料)
E Food
F Nightlife(夜生活)
24.Paragraph 3 _____.
3 Getting around (在……出行)England(英格兰) is pretty easy(与段落主题相关的观点句)。(接下来的句子中含有大量的细节信息词) Budget(廉价的)airlines (航空公司)like Easy jet and Rynnair fly domestically. Trains (火车)can deliver you very efficiently from one major city to another. Long distance express buses are called coaches. Where coaches and buses run on the same route， coaches are more expensive (though quicker) than buses. London‘s famous black cabs are excellent but expensive. Minicabs (微型出租车)are cheaper competitors， with freelance(个体的)drivers. But usually you need to give a call first. London’s underground (地铁)is called the Tube. It‘s very convenient and can get you to almost any part of the city.
A Effects of a stroke
B Annual cost of stroke in the US
C Definition and description of a stroke
D Breakthroughs in treatment
E Risk factors of stroke
F Warning signs of a stroke
25.Paragraph 4 ___.
4 The American Stroke Association has identified(识别) several factors(因素) that increase(增加) the risk of stroke(中风)。(权威人士/权威机构的调查发现/研究发现/观点，如果出现在段落开头部分的语句中， 这样的话语很可能就是其所在段落的主题句) The more risk factors a person has， the greater the chance that he or she will have a stroke. Some of these you can‘t control， such as increasing age， family health history， race， and prior stroke. But you can change or treat other risk factors to lower your risk. Factors resulting from lifestyle or environment can be modified with a healthcare provider’s help. Some of these include： high blood pressure， current smoking， heart disease， and high red blood cell count.
概括大意题出题特点2：段落中含有明显的段落主题词
概括大意题答题技巧2：借助段落中主题词直接判断段落主题(段落小标题中应该直接/间接包含段落主题词)。
提示：段落主题词是在段落中反复出现(至少出现3次以上)， 而且几乎贯穿全段出现的词语;段落中的某个词语/短语结构在段落中与其近义词/家族词汇共出现在至少3次以上，则这个词语连同其近义词/家族词汇均为其所在段落主题词。
A Education
B People
C Transport(交通)
D Drinks(酒/饮料)
E Food
F Nightlife(夜生活)
23.Paragraph 2 _____.
2 Most people have strong preconceptions(成见) about the British. But if you‘re one of these people， you’d be wise to abandon those ideas. Visit a nightclub in one of the big cities， a football match， or a good local pub and you might more readily describe the English people as humorous and hospitable. It‘s certainly true that no other country in the world has more bird-watchers， sports supporters， pet owners (宠物主人)and gardeners(园丁) than the UK.
概括大意出题特点3：段落中没有明显段落主题词及段落主题句
提示：当段落中没有明显主题词及主题句时还可采取：1.反向排除法; 2：细节信息确定主题法;
A. An introduction(引入，介绍) of a Toyota(丰田汽车)‘s 225 horsepower (特征词)(马力)V6 engine(发动机)(motor的近义词)。
B. A description(描述) of the nanomotor(纳米发动机) in terms of (在……方面)power(动力， 权力) and size(大小，尺寸)。
C. Surface tension(专业词汇/细节信息词)(表面张力)。
D. Previous(以前的， 早先的) inventions(发明) of nanoscale(纳米级的) products(产品)。
E. The working principle (工作原理)of the nanomotor(纳米发动机)。
F. Possible(可能的) fields(领域， 天地， 运动场) of application(运用) in the future(将来)。
2. paragraph 4 ___.
Although the amount of energy produced is small —— 20 microwatts(微瓦) —— it is quite impressive in relation to the tiny scale of the motor. The whole setup(设备， 机构) is less than 200 nanometers(毫微米) on a side， or hundreds of times(倍/时期/次) smaller than the width(宽度) of a human hair(头发)。 If it could be scaled up to the size of an automobile engine， it would be 100 million times more powerful(强大的) than a Toyota Camry‘s 225 horsepower V6 engine.
2.B motor及engine很可能就是其所在段落的主题词。由此判断A或B可能是答案。借助段落中的细节信息结构(涉及到数字的结构，分别描述大小和动力)， 由此判断B是答案。
A. An introduction(引入，介绍) of a Toyota(丰田汽车)‘s 225 horsepower (马力)V6 engine(发动机)(motor的近义词)。
C. Surface tension(表面张力)。
D. Previous(以前的， 早先的) inventions(发明) of nanoscale(纳米级的) products(产品)。
F. Possible(可能的) fields(领域， 天地， 运动场) of application(运用) in the future(将来)。
3. paragraph 5 ___.
In 1988， Professor Richard Muller and colleagues made the first operating (工作的， 操作的)micromotor(微型发动机)， which was 100 microns across， or about the thickness of a human hair. In 2003， Zettl's group created the first nanoscale motor. In 2006， they built a nanoconveyor(纳米传送带)， which moves tiny particles along like cars in a factory.
3. D 段落中出现了典型细节信息结构， ——涉及到数字的时间，从过去的时间到现在的时间，由此判断段落主题与关于历史的叙述相关。因此D是答案。从段落的具体内容上看， 该段介绍了发明纳米发动机之前的一些纳米等级的机械产品，如体积大一些的纳米发动机，微型发动机，纳米传送带，纳米机器等。选项 D 概括了本段的大意。
四、完成句子考试特点及解题技巧
完成句子题出题特点
被选项语法特征一致; 针对文章中的长句，观点句，概括句，或重要的细节句设置考点;文章开头/文章结尾/段落开头/段落结尾处常设考点。
完成句子答题技巧：
1.直接借助问题句搭配句意或搭配结构的特点直接判断答案;
2.关注文章中容易设置为考点的语句或借助空格前后结构中的特征词/细节信息词共同作为答案线索,在文章中查找答案相关句，确认答案。
例题分析
概括大意完成句子例题解析：
Is There a Way to Keep the Britain's Economy Growing?
1 In today's knowledge economy,nations survive on the things they do best.Japanese design electronics while Germens export engineering techniques.The French serve the best food and Americans make computers.
2 Britain specializes in the gift of talking.The nation doesn't manufacture much of anything.But it has lawyers，stylists and business consultants who earn their living from talk talk and more talk.The World Foundation think tank says the UK's four iconic jobs today are not scientists，engineers，teachers and nurses.Instead，they're hairdressers,celebrities,management consultants and managers.But can all this talking keep the British economy going? The British government thinks it can.
3 Although the country's trade deficit was more than ￡ 60 billion in 2006，UK's largest in the postwar period，officials say the country has nothing to worry about.In fact，Britain does have a world-class pharmaceutical industry?and it still makes a small sum from selling arms abroad.It also trades services-accountancy，insurance，banking and advertising.The government believes Britain is on the cutting edge of the knowledge economy.After all，me country of Shakespeare and Wordsworth has a literary tradition of which to be proud.Rock‘n’roll is an English language medium，and there are billions to be made by their cutting-edge bands.In other words，the creative economy has plenty of strength to carry the British economy.
4 However,creative industries account for only about 4 percent of UK's exports of goods and services.The industries are finding it hard to make a profit，according to a report of the National Endowment for Science，Technology and the Arts The report shows only 38 percent of British companies were engaged in "innovation activities"，3 percentage points below the EU average and well below Germany(61 percent)and Sweden(47 percent)。
5 In fact，it might be better to call Britain a "servant"economy-there are at least 4 million people"in service"。The majority of the population are employed by the rich to cook，clean,and take care of their children.Many graduates are even doing menial jobs for which they do not need a degree.Most employment growth has been，and will continue to be，at the low-skill end of the service sector-in shops，bars，hotels，domestic service and in nursing and care homes.
1.Paragraph 2___
2.Paragraph 3___
3.Paragraph 4___
4.Paragraph 5___
A Growth of Economy
B "Servant" Economy
C Strength of the Creative Economy
D Weakness of the Creative Economy
E Gift of talking
F Export of Talking Machines
5.Every country has its own way.__.
6.The British government doesn't seem__.
7.The creative industries find it difficult__.
8.Many graduates are employed__.
A to find jobs
B to do low-skill lobs
C to feed its people
D to handle disputes
E to make a profit
F to worry about the British economy
答案与解析：
1.分析文章标题：Is there a way(方法)to keep(保持，保存，遵守) the Britain‘s economy(经济) growing(增长,成长)?
文章主题词：way,Britain，economy,grow
2. 分析小标题备选项：
A Growth of Economy
B "Servant(仆人)" Economy
C Strength(力气,实力) of the Creative(创造性的) Economy
D Weakness (弱点)of the Creative Economy
E Gift(礼物,才能) of talking
F Export(出口)of Talking Machines(留声机)
分析：C和D; E和F分别为相关选项,从中出现答案的可能性较大。E初看起来，偏离文章主题,成为答案的可能性较小。
3.解答概括大意题：
A Growth of Economy
B "Servant(仆人)" Economy
C Strength(力气,实力) of the Creative(创造性的) Economy
D Weakness (弱点)of the Creative Economy
E Gift(礼物,才能) of talking
F Export(出口)of Talking Machines(留声机)
1.Paragraph 2___
2 Britain specializes in (专攻，擅长于)the gift (才能)of talking The nation doesn't manufacture much of anything.But it has lawyers，stylists and business consultants who earn their living from talk,talk and more talk.The World Foundation think tank says the UK's four iconic jobs today are not scientists，engineers，teachers and nurses.Instead，they're hairdressers,celebrities,management consultants and managers.But(但是) can all this talking(谈论) keep the British economy going? The British government(政府) thinks it can.
1.E. talk 这个词也在段落中多次出现,出现了5次，而且几乎在贯穿整个段落出现,因此是段落主题词,因此E或F可能是答案。段首句及段尾句均与E相关,意义一致,因此E是答案。从段落具体内容上看：第二段的第一个句子说"英国的特长是有说话的天赋"。接下来就是具体说明说话天赋在经济中的表现方面。当然，作者最后对这些说话行业能否保持英国经济的运转提出了疑问。但是其主题思想仍然是在讲说话天赋。
A Growth of Economy
B "Servant(仆人)" Economy
C Strength(力气,实力) of the Creative(创造性的) Economy
D Weakness (弱点)of the Creative Economy
F Export(出口)of Talking Machines(留声机)
2.Paragraph 3___
3 Although the country's trade deficit was more than ￡ 60 billion in 2006，UK's largest in the postwar period，officials say the country has nothing to worry about.In fact，Britain does have a world-class pharmaceutical industry?and it still makes a small sum from selling arms abroad.It also trades services-accountancy，insurance，banking and advertising.The government(政府) believes(相信) Britain is on the cutting edge of (在……的边缘)the knowledge(知识,了解) economy.After all(毕竟)，the country of Shakespeare(莎士比亚) and Wordsworth(沃兹沃斯) has a literary(文学的) tradition(传统) of which to be proud(以……为自豪)。Rock‘n’roll is an English language medium，and there are billions to be made by their cutting-edge bands.In other words(换句话说)，the creative (创造性的)economy has plenty of(大量的)strength(实力) to carry (携带，运输,支持)the British economy.
2.C . 段尾句是该段主题句。该段说：英国是著名作家Shakespeare和Wordsworth的故乡，他们以及英国的摇滚乐团创造了大量的精神财富，也为英国赚得了大量的钱，显示了创造性经济的力量。由此也可看出C是答案。
提示：段落主题词出现的句子可能是段落主题句或直接与段落主题相关。
A Growth of Economy
B "Servant(仆人)" Economy
D Weakness (弱点)of the Creative Economy
F Export(出口)of Talking Machines(留声机)
3.Paragraph 4___
4 However(然而),creative industries account for(占,解释) only(仅仅) about 4 percent(百分数) of UK's exports of goods(商品) and services(服务)。The industries(行业，工业) are finding(发现)it hard(困难得,硬的) to make a profit(盈利)，according to(根据) a report(报告) of the National(国家的，民族的) Endowment(基金会) for Science(科学)，Technology(技术) and the Arts(艺术)。 The report shows only 38 percent of British companies were engaged in "innovation activities"，3 percentage points below the EU average and well below Germany(61 percent)and Sweden(47 percent)。
3.D. 第四段的第二个句子是段落主题句(权威机构的观点)，该句讲述"创造行业的弱点,很难盈利"，因此D是答案。
提示：通常出现在段落开头部分或结尾部分的权威机构/权威人士的观点/发言/研究发现往往直接揭示段落主题。
A Growth of Economy
B "Servant(仆人)" Economy
F Export(出口)of Talking Machines(留声机)
4.Paragraph 5___
5 In fact(实事上)，it might be better(更好的) to call(称呼) Britain a "servant"economy-there are at least (至少)4 million(百万) people"in service(作帮工,在军中服役)"。The majority of the population are employed by the rich to cook，clean,and take care of their children.Many graduates are even doing menial jobs for which they do not need a degree.Most employment growth has been，and will continue to be，at the low-skill end of the service sector-in shops，bars，hotels，domestic service and in nursing and care homes.
4.B. 第四段的第一个句子是主题句：In fact，it might be better to call Britain a "servant" economy-there are at least 4 million people"in service"。该句说"实际上，把英国的经济叫做服务经济更恰当一些一因为至少有四百万人在做服务性工作"。因此选B.
4.解答完成句子题：
A to find jobs
B to do low-skill(低技术的) jobs
C to feed (饲养)its people
D to handle(处理,搬运) disputes(争论,辩论)
E to make a profit(盈利)
F to worry about (担心)the British economy(经济)
5.Every country(国家) has its own way__.
5.C. 该题的答案相关句在第一段：In today's knowledge(知识) economy,nations survive(生存，幸存) on(依靠) the things(事情) they do best.该句说：在今天的知识经济时代，各个国家生存于自己的强项。因此选to feed its people 养活自己的人民。
A to find jobs
B to do low-skill(低技术的) jobs
D to handle(处理,搬运) disputes(争论,辩论)
E to make a profit(盈利)
F to worry about (担心)the British economy(经济)
6.The British government(政府) doesn't seem(似乎)__.
6.F. 利用问题句中的特征词British government 作为答案线索,在文章中找到答案相关句：(第二段的最后两句话)But can all this talking(谈论) keep the British economy going? The British government thinks it can.但是，所有这么说话能让英国的经济运转吗?英国政府认为是可以的。由此可推断出：英国政府好像并不担心英国的经济。所以F是对的。
A to find jobs
B to do low-skill(低技术的) jobs
D to handle(处理,搬运) disputes(争论,辩论)
E to make a profit(盈利)
7.The creative(创造的) industries(行业) find it difficult(困难的)__.
7.E. 这个问题直接涉及第4段段落主题句：The industries are finding it hard to make a profit，according to a report of the National Endowment for Science，Technology and the Arts.根据国家科学、技术和艺术捐赠委员会的一份报告，这些创造性行业在获得利润上很困难。
A to find jobs
B to do low-skill(低技术的) jobs
D to handle(处理,搬运) disputes(争论,辩论)
8.Many graduates(毕业生)are employed(被雇用)__.
8.B . 利用问题句中涉及修饰结构的细节信息词many graduates(许多毕业生)作为答案线索,在文章第五段中找到答案相关句：Many graduates are even doing menial(仆人的) jobs for(对于) which they do not need a degree(学位)。许多毕业生甚至在做不需要学位的仆人的活。仆人的活是属于低技术的活，因此B是正确的。
五、完形填空解题思路
要想在完形填空部分得到好的分数，完美的解题思路至关重要。那么下面让我们看看如何掌握此种思路。
1.完型填空测试点
完形填空题的考查点主要是语法、理解、词法、综合、背景知识几个方面。
(1)语法方面包括词序、结构词(连词、介词的搭配)、时态、语态等的使用。这类题一般直接根据句子就能确定答案。
(2)词汇题一般是实义词，包括动词、动词词组、形容词、副词等。不仅包括这些词的同义词、近义词，还包括词的搭配、习惯用法等。做这类题时需要根据上下文，甚至需要对全文理解的基础上才能做出选择，不能根据一句话就能确定答案。
(3)背景知识题主要考查考生的常识，有些文章中提供的信息并不够，需要考生结合自己的常识，最后作出符合常识的最佳选择。
(4)综合题往往在一道题中对词汇和语法同时进行考查。
2、做完型填空试题的一般方法、步骤
(1)仔细阅读首句，启示全文。
完形填空题的首句一般不设空格，因此它往往是了解文章全貌的窗口，根据此可以判断文章的体裁，推测文章的大意，对全文的理解有重要的启示作用。
(2)通读全文，掌握大意。
先把短文从头至尾快速阅读一遍，从整体上感知全文，掌握大意。在阅读的过程中跳过空格，不看选项，快速阅读是有一定的困难的。但是需要注意文章中的暗示，尽可能地找出关键词。如果是叙事性的文章，那么时间、地点、人物就是关键词，抓住了这些关键词就相当于抓住了故事的线索，这时选填时就不会胡猜乱填了。通读全文进而掌握文章大意是做好完形填空题的先决条件。在掌握了文章的大意后才可边读文章边选答案。完形填空题的难度的在于要能大致读懂一篇留有许多空格的短文，这就要求考生具有相当的阅读能力和语感。
(3)瞻前顾后，先易后难。
瞻前顾后即前后观察，对空格前后的句子进行深入的分析，确定空格在句子中的意思。如果是语法问题，不仅要考虑时态、语态，还要考虑词法、句法。如果是语义问题，要从上下文分析，依据短文自身完整的语言环境进行合乎逻辑的推理判断。先易后难就是首先选出那些只根据上下文就能确定的、直接的、明显的答案，诸如固定词组、常见句型等。这就增强了信心，减轻了心理压力，以便集中精力解决难度较大的选项。瞻前顾后，不要忘记首尾照应，首句之重要大家已注意，同时不要忽视尾句的画龙点睛的作用。另外要牢记文章的中心思想，每个空白处的含义与前后句的意思要联系起来理解。文章最前面的空格提出的问题很有可能要到文章的末尾才能找到答案。
(4)上下连贯，合乎逻辑。
上下连贯，合乎逻辑这是从句子结构的角度来考虑。如果空白处位于引导状语从句的位置上，则首先要分清是何种状语从句(时间、原因、条件、结果、目的、让步、比较关系、行为方式等)，然后再选择适当的词填空。总之，填入单词后要使句子意思和结构都完整，上下连贯，合乎逻辑。
(5)复核全文，消除疏漏。
在做完所有的题目后，需要把所选的答案放入文章中相应的空格处，然后再通读一篇，检查前后是否连贯，内容是否清楚，主题是否突出等。在复读的过程中，如果觉得有些地方意思不是很清楚，就应该根据文章的中心思想重新考虑。凡是不通之处必有待推敲的疑点，应从意义和语法两个方面权衡，以便弥补疏漏。从语法上检查一些所完成句子是否主谓一致，时态、语态是否正确，动词、形容词、名词与介词的搭配是否正确等。对于个别比较难的选项，可以凭借自己的语感，坚持第一感觉选择的答案。
六、阅读判断做题技巧
大家在做阅读判断题时一定要注意做题步骤。做题步骤主要是根据考生们自己的做题习惯，多加练习，从而能快速高效的做题。
1、确定陈述句内容关键词。此时不认识的关键词要查字典。
关键词有哪些特点呢?下面为大家列举几种
(1)名词(含专有名词)或名词性短语
(2)形容词、副词与其短语及其比较级
(3)数字和年代
(4)在文章中出现较少的前三项单词
(5)一目了然、容易找并有利于确定答案的单词
(6)陈述句的中心词
(7)短语优先于单词作为关键词
(8)数字和比较级优先于其原级与其它单词
(9)文章标题中的、文章出现较多的单词以及动词一般不是关键词
2、快速游览全文，根据关键词找出与该陈述句关系最密切(关联)的原文句子(可能是一句或几句话)，或是句型相似、意思相同(相近、相反)
此步骤大家可以参照两种方法：
(1)将关键词与原文的每段话第一句、中间句或最后一句相对照，把陈述句定位到原文的某一段落后再确定与其关联的句子;
(2)直接根据陈述句的意思、句型和其所有的关键词一步到位，找出与陈述句关联的原文句子;
3、仔细阅读与陈述句关联的句子(一句或几句话)，根据这些句子的信息及其规律与陈述句进行比较，运用下面介绍的做题技巧做出正确有判断。
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