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2015高考英语模拟试题（5）
I 语言知识及应用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 完形填空 (共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1—15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
As the world’s population grows, so does our consumption of all kinds of materials. Scientistsand environmental groups are increasingly 1.__________ about conserving two importantnatural resources: our fresh water and our rainforests.
Water supports every form of life. Neither plants nor animals can 2.__________ without it. It isalso the most 3.__________ used resource in industry. Our quality of life, as well as life itself,depends on a continual 4.__________ of clean, fresh water.
However, clean water supplies are now decreasing rapidly. The main 5.__________ of this areoverpopulation, water pollution, and deforestation. It is predicted that future watershortages could reduce global farm production by as much as twenty-five percent, leading towidespread 6.__________. Possible solutions to this problem include 7.__________ waterrecycling methods and limiting population growth.
Another 8.__________ but endangered resource is the world’s rainforests. The Amazonrainforest has often been called the “Lungs of the Planet”, because it 9.__________ takes incarbon dioxide and puts out oxygen, which helps keep our atmosphere 10.__________. TheAmazon rainforest is home to millions of plant, animal and insect species and the only sourceof the raw materials used in many important medicines.
Rainforests once covered fourteen percent of the earth’s land. Now they cover only six percent,and experts believe that we may 11.__________ these rainforests completely in less than fortyyears. One clear solution is using 12.__________ products instead of cutting trees for wood.Another is reducing people’s consumption of meat, since many rainforests are destroyed to13.__________ farmland to raise animals.
We must work together to find solutions to these resource 14.__________ and developsustainable ways of living that will 15.__________ natural resources for future generations.
1. A. curious B. optimistic C. concerned D. embarrassed
2. A. survive B. struggle C. expand D. benefit
3. A. reliably B. overly C. expensively D. widely
4. A. base B. supply C. growth D. location
5. A. cases B. results C. functions D. causes
6. A. anger B. hunger C. failure D. pollution
7. A. returning B. removing C. improving D. collecting
8. A. valuable B. forgotten C. expected D. renewable
9. A. usually B. naturally C. obviously D. unfortunately
10. A. light B. friendly C. clean D. warm
11. A. destroy B. cut C. remove D. reproduce
12. A. replaced B. reserved C. adapted D. recycled
13. A. save B. provide C. change D. reduce
14. A. problems B. demands C. discoveries D. preferences
15. A. promote B. produce C. preserve D. prevent
第二节 语法填空(共10题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为16—25的相应位置上。
Kenneth Williams is considered one of the greatest British comedy actors of the twentiethcentury. His voice as his outstanding gift; it virtually defined him as a16.__________(perform). Williams would often spend weeks 17.__________ (decide) how acharacter should sound and this “voice” determined his approach to each role. 18.__________ even after he had chosen his “voice”, he didn’t always stick to it. 19.__________ the middle of a single performance, he would sometimes change20.__________ tone or speed of his speech, for greater comic effect. While still a beginner, hefelt he should be given the freedom to do as he wished on stage and often 21.__________ (ignore) his directors’ instructions. This greatly annoyed some directors, who refused22.__________ (work) with him. Sometimes, he would completely ignore the script(台词)andmake up his own lines during performance. Although he was proud of his ability to go “offscript”, he became extremely angry 23.__________ other actors tried to do the same,arguing that they were simply not good at it. Williams loved to make his audience laugh. Whenperforming a scene 24.__________ there were few laughs, he would often make up25.__________ own jokes, which always entertained the audience, but sometimes also ruinedthe scene.
Ⅱ 阅读 (共两节，满分50分)
第一节 阅读理解(共20小题;每小题2分，满分40分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
From children’s birthdays to that long-awaited family holiday, we all want to remember thoseimportant moments with a photograph. But if you’re one of those people who can’t stopsnapping photos at an important event, beware-you could end up forgetting it all in a flash.
Experts have warned that the addiction to recording every moment of our lives could behaving an adverse effect on our memories.
Maryanne Garry, a New Zealand psychology professor, has been studying how the frequenttaking of photos might change childhood memories. “I think the problem is that people areforgetting to experience the moment,” she says. Parents at the park taking one photo afteranother of their children, for example, are actually paying less attention to what is happeningaround them. The picture only captures a small party of the total experience. And becauseparents remember less about these important events, they become less effective in their roleas the key people who help children learn how to talk about their experiences. As a result,children’s own childhood memories are reduced.
The idea that we are experiencing less as we record more got psychologist Linda Henkelthinking. She wanted to explore how photographs shape our memories.
Henkel, who researches human memory at Fairfield University in Connecticut, did an experimentby sending groups of students to the university’s art museum. The students observed someobjects and photographed others. Then, back at the laboratory, they were given a memorytest. Henkel found what she called a “photo-taking effect”. The students remembered fewer ofthe objects that they had taken photos of, and they remembered fewer details about thoseobjects. She says her students’ memories were worse because they were relying on the camerato remember the details for them.
“As soon as you hit ‘click’ on that camera, it’s as if you’ve outsourced your memory,” she says.
26. The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 1 refers to __________.
A. an important event B. a child’s birthday
C. A valuable photograph D. A family holiday
27. According to Garry, what will be the result of parents frequently taking photos of theirchildren?
A. Parents will be very skillful at taking photos.
B. Children will enjoy many more beautiful pictures.
C. Parents will appreciate these important moments less.
D. Children will become more important in their parents’ eyes.
28. According to Paragraph 3, why are children’s memories reduced?
A. Flash lights are causing children to forget more things.
B. Parents are not interested in listening to children’s experiences.
C. Children are more interested in taking photos than experiencing.
D. Parents are less effective in helping children discuss their experiences.
29. How did Henkel develop her theory about the “photo-taking effect”?
A. By carrying out an experiment
B. By giving a questionnaire
C. By interviewing a group of students
D. By researching the findings of the others
30. What’s the purpose of this passage?
A. To introduce a new discovery in taking photos.
B. To discuss the effect of photo-taking on memory.
C. To explain how to use cameras in an effective way.
D. To describe the ways of remembering valuable experiences.
B
The human body is an amazing machine. It’s tough, and we usually recover from illness orinjury on our own, without the help of a doctor. But what happens when we need medicaltreatment? In the past, some people went to a hospital to see a medical doctor. Otherspreferred traditional treatments, such as herbal medicine or acupuncture (针灸). These twotypes of medicine-one modern and Western and the other ancient and Eastern-used to havenothing to do with each other.
In recent years, however, people have begun combining both modern medical science and moretraditional treatments. This new kind of medicine is often called integrative medicine because itintegrates, or combines, different types of medical approaches. Some of the principles ofintegrative medicine include preventing illness by helping people stay healthy, integratingdifferent types of treatments according to patient needs, and considering the health of thewhole person rather than concentrating on a particular illness or injury.
One health organization in America has opened its Integrative Medicine and Wellness Center. Atthe center, members are offered different services. Those suffering backache can try massageto relax their muscles and encourage the flow of healing energy in their body. Those withallergies are helped to develop their body’s natural resistance. And those who aren’t ill, butwant to improve their strength and focus their mind, take tai chi or yogo classes.
Integrative medicine patients appreciate having an alternative to surgery or to drugs andtheir harmful side effects. They also enjoy activities and treatments that make them feel bettereven if they are not sick. And economically, preventing illness is much less expensive than ahospital stay.
According to Dr. Andrew Weil, founder of the Program in Integrative Medicine at the Universityof Arizona, integrative medicine combines the best parts of Western medicine with traditionaltherapies. And because both doctors and patients are working to prevent illness, they becomepartners with the same goal instead of strangers who see each other only when the patient issick.
31. Which of the following is the best title of this passage?
A. Western medicine
B. Acupuncture and herbal medicine
C. Changes in medical education
D. Combining modern and traditional medicine
32. By using the underlined statement “preventing illness by helping people stay healthy” inParagraph 2, the writer wants to __________.
A. provide advice on how to stay healthy
B. describe a principle of integrative medicine
C. recommend modern medicine over traditional medicine
D. explain why some people doubt the effectiveness of new treatments
33. Which of the following is an example of integrative medicine?
A. Having a heart operation.
B. Taking a pain killer for a headache.
C. Using herbal treatments after an operation.
D. Having herbal medicine and acupuncture.
34. Which is NOT mentioned as an advantage of integrative medicine?
A. Patients take actions to avoid getting ill.
B. It costs less than medical care in hospitals.
C. Patients have more choices in terms of treatment.
D. Doctors are able to carry out more medical research.
35. According to Dr. Weil, with integrative medicine, __________.
A. the doctor gives the orders and the patient follows passively
B. doctor and patient see each other occasionally if there is a problem
C. doctor and patient work together so that the patient does not become ill
D. doctor and patient perform the same role in providing medical treatment
C
The old man fished alone in a small rowboat and he had gone eighty-four days now withouttaking a fish. In the first forty days a boy had been with him. But after forty days without a fishthe boy’s parents had told him that the old man was now bad luck, and ordered the boy to joinanother boat, which caught three good fish the first week. It made the boy sad to see the oldman come in each day with his boat empty and he always went down to help him carry in thefishing lines or take down the old, patched sail.
“Santiago,” the boy said to him as they dragged up the boat to the sand. “I could go with youagain. I’ve made some money.” the old man had taught the boy to fish and the boy loved him. “No,” the old man said. “You’re with a lucky boat. Stay with them. You must obey your father.” “We can be lucky again too. Remember when we didn’t catch a fish for 10 days, then caught abig one each day for a month?” said the boy. “Can I offer you a beer on the balcony and thenwe’ll take the stuff home,” said the boy. “Why not?” the old man said.
“Santiago,” the boy said as they sat on the balcony, “If I cannot fish with you, I would like toserve in some way.” “You bought me a beer,” the old man said, lifting the bottle to his mouth. “Do you remember the first time I took you out to fish?” the old man asked. “I was five. Iremember the tail of a huge fish slapping against the boat, the noise of you clubbing him andthe sweet blood smell. I remember everything from when we first went together,” the boy said.The old man looked at him with his sun-burned, loving eyes.
“May I get some sardines for tomorrow? Let me get four fresh ones,” said the boy. “One,” theold man said. His hope and his confidence had never gone. But now they were freshening likea sea breeze. “Two,” the boy said. “Thank you,” the old man said. He was too simple to wonderwhen he had attained modesty. But he knew he had attained it and he knew it was notdisgraceful and it carried no loss of true pride. “Tomorrow is going to be a good day with thiswind,” he said. “I will row far out before it is light. There will going to be a good day with thiswind,” he said. “I will row far out before it is light. There will be a big fish?” asked the boy. “Ithink so. And I know many tricks.”
36. When did the boy stop working with the old man?
A. 40 days ago. B. 44 days ago. C. 80 days ago. D. 84 days ago
37. Why was the boy forced to stop working for the old man?
A. It was too dangerous to continue fishing.
B. It was time for the boy to return to school.
C. The old man was thought to be a poor teacher.
D. The boy couldn’t earn enough money with the old man.
38. In paragraph 2, the boy probably mentioned their past fishing experiences in order to__________.
A. convince the old man that he should not retire
B. explain why he had to stop working for the old man
C. persuade the old man to let him return as his assistant
D. warn the old man about the danger of fishing in the deep sea
39. Which of the following did the boy NOT do for the old man?
A. Buy him a beer. B. Repair the sail.
C. Drag up the boat. D. Take in the fishing equipment.
40. What can we learn about the old man from the last paragraph?
A. He remained optimistic about catching fish.
B. He was the most skillful fisherman in the village.
C. He would stay out longer than any other fisherman.
D. He would usually go out further than any other boat.
D
At the start of the 20th century, a new city was beginning to grow on some flat land near thesea in southern California; its name was Los Angeles. At the same time, a new industry wasjust being born: the cinema.
America’s movie industry began life in New York; but by 1910, movie-makers were moving toLos Angeles. In New York, everything was too expensive: workers, land, taxes. Moreover, it wasdifficult to make movies in winter, because it was too cold.
The Los Angeles region, on the other hand, was full of advantages. In California, they couldmake films all through the year; and everything was cheaper. In particular, there was lots ofland for sale, especially in the Los Angeles suburb called Hollywood.
Movies quickly became very popular, and this popularity exploded after “talkies” first appearedin 1925. Nevertheless, movies were expensive to produce, and film companies needed money-lots of it. For this reason, Hollywood rapidly became controlled by a small number of bigcompanies such as MGM, 20th Century Fox, Warner Bros. and Paramount.
Since then, the big companies’ fortunes have ebbed and flowed, but most of them are stillthere. Some old names have disappeared, but some new ones have appeared, companies likeWalt Disney and Steven Spielberg’s company Amblin. Today the biggest studios belong to hugeinternational firms. For instance, News Corporation, which now owns Fox, also ownsnewspapers on three continents, and TV networks in America, Europe and Asia.
It is only huge companies like Fox that can afford to make today’s very expensive films; and forTitanic-at the time the most expensive film ever mad-Fox had to get help from another bigcompany, Paramount!
Once Hollywood mad films just for America; today it makes them for the world. It’s the centerof a global dream-machine. Perhaps we dreamed differently in the past. Today, thanks in partto Hollywood, people everywhere have similar dreams.
We now live in the age of global culture. Hollywood did not invent this culture-but for better orfor worse, it has become one of the most powerful elements in it. Like it or not, we all now liveon planet Hollywood.
41. What attracted the film industry to Los Angeles?
A. Cheaper costs and pleasant weather.
B. More talented actors and mild climate.
C. More skilled workers and plentiful land.
D. Large movie companies and lower wages.
42. Why did a few companies come to control the American film industry?
A. They were already experienced in film production.
B. They were able to employ the most creative people.
C. These companies were the first to make talkie films.
D. Small companies could not afford the film production costs.
43. The underlined “ebbed and flowed” in Paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to __________.
A. improved rapidly B. gone up and down
C. remained very stable D. worsened gradually
44. Which of the following is true about the Hollywood movie companies?
A. They sometimes work together to produce movies.
B. They produce expensive movies far less often than in the past.
C. The same companies have controlled the industry for almost 100 years.
D. There are many large companies competing against each other for success.
45. What does the writer think about the international influence of Hollywood?
A. It has encouraged people to dream like Americans.
B. It has made foreigners love American people more.
C. It has become a driving force in shaping global culture.
D. It has damaged the local film industry in other countries.
第二节 信息匹配(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
阅读下列应用文及相关信息，并按照要求匹配信息，请在答题卡上将对应题号的相应选项字母涂黑。
首先请阅读下列动物栖息地的信息：
请阅读下面关于不同动物的信息，请匹配动物和适宜它们的栖息地。
46. Brown Bear-this huge animal requires a large feeding area to satisfy its diet, which consistsof fresh-water fish, fruits and berries. As it is very active in summer it needs lots of tree coverto keep cool.
47. Shadow Lizard-unlike most reptiles, the shadow lizard prefers a dark, wet environment.It has very large eyes, enabling it to see in the dark and catch the mosquitoes and other insectsthat make up its diet.
48. Camel spider-growing up to 15cm, camel spiders live on flies, ants and other insects. Thefemale lays its eggs in the hot sand up to 8 times a year so they’re usually found in very hot,dry climates.
49. Cougar-secretive and solitary, the cougar is generally a night-time hunter. This large catmostly hunts mountain goats and deer that enter into its rocky mountain habitat.
50. Crane-this large, long-legged water bird has a wide ranging diet that includes rats, insects,and berries, but its preference is fish. Cranes build their nests in calm, shallow, fresh water.
III 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 基础写作(共1小题，满分15分)
你将向你校英语校刊投稿介绍一项研究。
[写作内容]
请根据以下信息，写一篇关于这项研究的介绍。
研究内容 上音乐课对儿童大脑发育的影响
研究者 加拿大Margaret Trainor教授
研究时间 一年
研究对象 两组4至6岁的儿童：一组上音乐课，另一组没有上音乐课。
研究方法 (1)对儿童进行音乐测试;
(2)要求儿童听一组数字，将数字记住，然后复述。
研究结果 学习音乐的儿童在音乐听力和记忆力方面进步更大。
其他 最近该项研究刊登在“The Brain”杂志上。
[写作要求]
只能使用5个句子表达全部内容。
[评分标准]
句子结构准确，信息内容完整，篇章结构连贯。
第二节 读写任务(共1小题，满分25分)
阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。
A walk in your shoes
If you could switch lives with someone for a short time, would you do it? To some people, anew life would be a dream come true. A US TV show gives people the chance to try. Eachepisode of A walk in Your Shoes lets two real people experience each other’s lives.
In last week’s show, eighth-grade student Schylar dreamed of running the school, so hebecame the principal for a day-and the principal became an eighth grader again! Schylar quicklyrealized that his dream job had pressures and responsibilities, and he had to make some toughdecisions. And the principal had a hard time with all the homework!
For those taking part, the programme not only offers the chance to live out a fantasy, butprovides some valuable life lessons. Participants come to more fully value what they alreadyhave: their families, their friends and the opportunities and benefits their own lives provide.They also learn to better appreciate the situation of others; to not only think about thingsfrom their own points of view, and to understand that other people have problems too.
And one thing most participants eventually realize is that the grass is not always greener onthe other side.
[写作内容]
1.用约30个词概括上文的主要内容。
2.用约120个词就“互换身份”谈谈你的想法，内容包括：
(1)如有机会与别人互换身份一周，你想换成什么身份?为什么?
(2)在这一周的时间里，你会做些什么事情?
(3)你认为可以从这样的经历中学到什么?
[写作要求]
1.作文中可以使用亲身经历或虚构的故事，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用原文的句子。
2.作文中不得出现真实姓名和学校名称。
[评分标准]
概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，篇章连贯。
参考答案
完形填空：
1-5 CADBD 6-10 BCABC 11-15 ADBAC
语法填空：
16. performer
17. deciding
18. But
19. In
20. the
21. ignored
22. to work
23. when
24. where
25. his
阅读理解：
26-30：ACDAB 31-35：DBCDC 36-40：BDCBA 41-45：ADBAC
46-50：EACBF
基础写作范文：
A research lasting a whole year was conducted by Margaret Trainor, Canadian professorfocusing on the influence upon brain development of children that music lesson exerted. As forthe objectives, there were two groups of children aged between four and six, with only onegroup attending music lesson. During the whole process, the children were not only given amusic test but also required to listen to a sequence of numbers, memorize and then retellthem. As the research indicates, children learning music made better progress in music hearingas well as memory. Recently, the research has been published in The Brain.
读写任务范文：
A walk in your shoes
A Walk in Your Shoes, a TV show in which participants such as principal and student, exchangetheir identities and experience others’ lives. Through the show people learn to cherish whatthey have and think in others shoes.
Given a chance to switch my life with someone else for a week, I would prefer to exchangewith a parent of mine. For one thing, it is a common phenomenon that children and parentseasily quarrel with each other, and so do I. Through identity exchange, I could be able tohave a deep understanding of my parents so as to reduce the quarrel. For another, I also hopemy parents can put themselves in my position, experiencing my pressure with the study.
During the one-week exchange, I would take my parent’s work seriously. It is only byexperiencing their job that I can better understand how stressful their life can be. Besides, asa parent, I would try my best to consider all the decisions I have to make, such as all livingexpenses, the future of my children and so on.
As far as I’m concerned, I would learn some valuable lessons from this identity exchangeexperience. One the one hand, my point of view about the interpersonal relationship with peoplearound would be broaden. Thus my living environment would be more harmonious. One theother hand, both my parents and I would be able to realize the problem between us. Ourcommunication would be enhanced.
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