2013年12月英语六级真题答案解析
Part 1: 作文
1.作文一：大学快要毕业了，需要找工作，写一封求职信说明申请工作的原因和自己能胜任的理由。
参考样文：
Dear Mr. Johnson/ Hi, Mr. Johnson,
I wish to apply for the position of a secretary you advertised in Beijing Weekly the other day. I, a 23-year business English major graduate, will graduate from Hunan University and obtain my bachelor’s degree in a few months. I surely boast the qualifications and intern experience intended for this job, which, according to the advertisement description, demands a multi-lingual person with some secretary experience. Chinese my home tongue,I have been the Best Host in the host competition of our school;what's more, I’m also a very good English learner and user with CET-4 657 point and CET-6 625 point. As for my work experience, I served as intern secretary for one year for a medium-sized company, and the whole year’s intern experience has helped me aware of the significance of co-operation and co-ordination among coworkers. Because of my excellent performance, I proudly present you a recommendation letter from the company enclosed.
Thank you for your consideration of my application.
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours Sincerely,
Li Ming
2.作文二：For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay about the impact of information explosion by referring to the saying "a wealth of information creates a poverty of attention". You can cite examples to illustrate your point and then explain what you can do to avoid being distracted by irrelevant information? You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.
试题回顾：2013.6 Good habits result from resisting temptation.
所学回顾
Although honesty is believed to be a virtue, there are still dishonest people in our society. For example, some businessmen sell fake product to their consumers; some students cheat in the exams.
Dishonest people are short-sighted. Those who sell fake products may make money at first, but consumers won’t buy their products any more. As a result, they will lose their fortune or even be sent to prison. By contrast, honest people are long-sighted. Those who always tell truth or keep to their promise not only let others trust them but gain respect from other people as well. Such persons are sure to have a lot of good friends.
Because they are trustable and respectable, everyone is eager to make friends with them. Besides, it is easier for a person with a good record to get a good job. Generally speaking, every employer wants his employees to be honest. So we can say that anyone who is honest will be paid back later. In a word, honesty wins trust, respect and honor.
So it is important that we should be honest.
活学活用 Keep Oneself Focused
Although a wealth of information is believed to be good news for people, there are still those people lost in a sea of information. For example, some college graduates cannot land a job offer finally in spite of so many job offers facing them.
Then comes the question “why people are lost when faced with a wealth of information”? Undoubtedly, the point is that "a wealth of information creates a poverty of attention".
Those who are distracted by irrelevant information cannot focus themselves on what they should concentrate themselves upon. For example, a college graduate should focus on their career planning in their all life, but unfortunately most of them are distracted by the mere desire for monye. As a result, they will be loser. By contrast, Those who know their real needs and can keep themselves focused on what they should concentrate themselves upon can go all out to pursue and achieve their dreams. Such persons are sure to enjoy more success and happiness.
As to the issue, I hold that above all I must know what I myself need exactly. In other words, I must embrace a very clear and definite goal. Then, reflection and reminding can help me a lot. I’ll usually reflect whether I stay away from my goal or not, and remind meself to be concentrated. Last I must improve myself to be more self-disciplined.
In a word, a wealth of information creates a poverty of attention. So it is significant that we should keep ourselves focused.
3.作文三：For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on happiness by referring to the saying”Happiness is not the absence of probems”,but the ability to deal with them.” You can cite examples to illustrate your point and thenexplain how you can develop your ability to deal with problem and be happy.you should write at least 150words but no more than 200words.
试题回顾：
2013.6 Earth provided you enough thing to satisfy
someone’s needs, but not someone’s greeds.
2012.12 the way to success
参考样文1：
The Way to Happiness
When it comes to the topic of “happiness”, the opinions of people usually distinguish from each other, which give rise to the heated discussion among the public concerning the way to achieve happiness. As the saying goes, “Happiness is not the absence of problems, but the ability to deal with them.” I personally agree that the ability to cope with complications in life is the right path of pursing happiness.
However, how could we deal with daily troubles or even struggles could generate serious concerns. Frommy perspective, to begin with individuals, optimism could perform an essential character. According to a survey conducted in certain institution in China, the percent of people with optimistic attitudes far out weighs the opposite in the aspects of overcoming dilemmas, thus having better opportunity to achieve the sense of happiness.
In addition, in terms of the society, certain institutions in China should launch relevant campaigns to strengthen the emphasis putting on the resolving of a problem, not the way trying to avoid it or even to neglect it. In spite of the fact that this may be a long run, these methods of coping with problems could definitely contribute to happiness in our consistent efforts.
参考样文2：
To solve problem, to taste happiness
“What is happiness?” is a cliché topic. Everyone has a different definition to the true meaning of happiness. For Franklin Roosevelt, “happiness is not the mere possession of money; it lies in the joy of achievement, in the thrill of creative effort.” For Elbert Einstein, “if you want to live in a happy life, tie it to the goal, not the people or the things.” Although the two great men grant different definitions to happiness, there is something in common, that is, happiness derives from the capacity to solve problems. I believe that this is true.
There is no denying that life is full of problems. Let’s take environmental pollution for example. Pollution poses a great threat to our existence. Fortunately, this public hazard has drawn our greatly attention and many effective measures are being taking to solve it. In fact, now the public are benefiting more and more from pollution prevention and control. We can enjoy clear air, health food and beautiful scenes again. Isn’t this happiness?
All in all, indeed, equipped with the ability to cope with problems should suppose to be happiness. In other worlds, in the middle of problems lies happiness.
Part 3：阅读理解
Section 1:选词填空
36 intentions
37 stems
38 permanently
39 delayed
40 simultaneously
41 asset
42 identified
43 overwhelming
44 equivalent
45 underlying
【原文】
Quite often, educators tell families of children who are learning English as a second language to speak only English, and not their native language, at home. Although these educators may have good (36) intentions, their advice to families is misguided, and it (37) stemsfrom misunderstandings about the process of language acquisition. Educators may fear that children hearing two languages will become (38) permanentlyconfused and thus their language development will be (39) delayed; this concern is not documented in the literature. Children are capable of learning more than one language, whether (40) simultaneouslyor sequentially(依次地). In fact, most children outside of the United States are expected to become bilingual or even, in many cases, multilingual. Globally, knowing more than one language is viewed as an (41) assetand even a necessity in many areas.
It is also of concern that the misguided advice that students should speak only English is given primarily to poor families with limited educational opportunities, not to wealthier families who have many educational advantages. Since children from poor families often are (42) identified as at-risk for academic failure, teachers believe that advising families to speak English only is appropriate. Teachers consider learning two languages to be too (43) overwhelming for children from poor families, believing that the children are already burdened by their home situations.
If families do not know English or have limited English skills themselves, how can they communicate in English? Advising non-English-speaking families to speak only English is (44) equivalent to telling them not to communicate with or interact with their children. Moreover, the (45) underlying message is that the family's native language is not important or valued.
Section 3: 仔细阅读
第一篇：
56. C. They often have to seek job outside the academic circle.
57. A. It should be improved to better suit the job market.
58. C. An IDP be made in communication with an adviser.
59. B. help employees make the best use of their abilities to achieve their goals.
60. A. It is the effective tool of self-awareness and introspection for better career plans.
本篇阅读属于社论，文章主要探讨的是博士的职业道路。这种主题对于大多数考生来说是比较陌生的。文章指出，现如今，博士生毕业后已经不再于学术圈中谋生存，转而发展起其它事业，如通信、知识中介、科学政策等等。究其原因，是博士生的培养跟市场需求脱轨。鉴于这种情形，相关部门推出了个人培养计划，旨在帮助博士后规划出高效的职业发展道路。这种个人培养计划也被诸多企业采用，以帮助其雇员更有效地工作。
文章本身话题和语言难度不高。五道题目中，第一、三题考查了事实细节，第二、四、五题考查的是细节归纳。题序同文章的顺序是一致的，因此，建议考生无需通读全文，而是带着问题回到原文，首先大致定位答案点、接着阅读答案点附近的句子、最终快速勾选出答案。
第二篇：
61. A) It still leaves much to be desired.
62. B) Where women's rights are protected by law.
63. D) They are underrepresented in politics.
64. B) It does not guarantee a better life for the nation's women.
65. D) Tap women's economic potential.
本文节选自Newsweek的文章Newsweek Tracks Women's Progress Around the World。讲述的话题是大家并不陌生的女性地位。
文中一开始从女性开始掌管政权、赢得诺贝尔经济学奖、成为百万富翁等示例为人们揭示了21世纪女性地位的不断提高，但是之后也从沙特的妇女不能驾驶，巴基斯坦每年有上千名女性死于“荣誉谋杀”等事实讲述了不少地方的女性地位还是令人堪忧。之后文章提到Newsweek从五个方面对165个国家进行了评级。虽说数据并不代表一切，但是至少支撑了希拉里·克林顿的陈述，即解放女性的经济潜力，可以提升整个社区、国家、世界的经济表现。
从考题来看，考点还是以事实细节为主。
再次提醒
考题一定源自英语国家的权威媒体。第一篇来自出自美国最负盛名的科学刊物Science Careers的文章Planning Career Paths for Ph.D.s。平时要多多阅读英语原版文章，熟悉英语国家人士的行文表达习惯，这样无论考题取自哪里，都能做到从容应对。
Part 4：翻译
1.中国文化
中秋节
考试原文：
中国人自古以来就在中秋节庆祝丰收，这与北美地区庆祝感恩节的风俗十分相似。过中秋节的习俗于唐代早期在中国各地开始流行。中秋节在农历八月十五，是人们拜月的节日，这天夜晚皓月当空，人们合家团聚，共赏明月。2006年，中秋节被列为中国的文化遗产，2008年又被定为公共假日。月饼被视为中秋节不可或缺的美食，人们将月饼作为礼物馈赠亲友或家庭聚会上享用。传统的月饼带有“寿(longevity)、“福”或“和”等字样。
译文：
Since ancient times, the Chinese people usually celebrate harvest in the Mid-Autumn, which is similar to the custom of celebrating Thanksgiving in the North America. The Mid-Autumn has become popular all over China in the Early Tang Dynasty. The Mid-Autumn Festival, celebrated on the 15th day of the 8th month of the lunar calendar, is a day for worshiping the moon. At that day, family members get together and enjoy the bright moon in the sky at night. In 2006, the Mid-Autumn was listed as a China cultural heritage, and in 2008 designated as a public holiday. The moon cake, an indispensable food of the Festival, is often used as a gift for relatives and friends or enjoyed in the family party. Traditional moon cakes are imprinted with Chinese characters with such meanings as “longevity”, “happiness” or “harmony”.
上课内容：
八月十五日是中国两大农历节日之一，中秋节(另一个是春节)，一般在秋分左右来临(通常是九月二十二日)。很多人将中秋节称为“八月十五”。由于中秋夜的圆月往往会激发人们家庭团聚的渴望，中秋节也被称为团圆节。很多历史学家对中秋节的起源有不同的说法。有些人认为中秋节是庆祝丰收的节日。关于中秋节来源的另一种说法与嫦娥和后翼的传说有关。中秋节一般都是在晚上庆祝，家人们聚到一起，点灯笼、吃月饼、赏明月。中秋夜的月亮仿佛是一年中最圆最亮的。圆月通常被认为是家庭团圆的象征，因此，中秋节也称团圆节。阴历八月十五日是中国两大农历节日之一，中秋节，一般在秋分左右来临(通常是九月二十二日)。很多人将中秋节称为“八月十五”。由于中秋夜的圆月往往会激发人们家庭团聚的渴望，中秋节也被称为团圆节。很多历史学家对中秋节的起源有不同的.说法。有些人认为中秋节是庆祝丰收的节日。关于中秋节来源的另一种说法与嫦娥和后翼的传说有关。中秋节一般都是在晚上庆祝，家人们聚到一起，点灯笼、吃月饼、赏明月。中秋夜的月亮仿佛是一年中最圆最亮的。圆月通常被认为是家庭团圆的象征，因此，中秋节也称团圆节。
中国是个人口众多的大国，中秋节庆祝的方式多种多样 ，很有地方特色。不同地区的人们庆祝中秋节的方式各 有不同，但有一种传统习俗肯定是所有中国人所共有的 ，那就是吃月饼。月饼是庆祝中秋节所必需的，不仅因为它美味好看，而且因为它有丰富的文化和艺术内涵。
月饼代表着家庭和夫妻的团聚。在中秋节交换礼物也是人们表达善意的习俗，爱人之间也会互送月饼表达爱意。吃月饼的习俗可以回溯到几千年前，跟中国文化和历史有着密切的关系。
2.中国历史文化
丝绸之路：闻名于世的丝绸之路是一系列连接东西方的路线。丝绸之路是古代中国的丝绸贸易。丝绸之路上的贸易在中国、南亚、欧洲和发挥这重要作用。正是通过 丝绸之路，中国的造纸、火药、指南针、印刷术传遍各地。同样，中国的丝绸、茶叶和瓷器也传遍各地，欧洲也是通过丝绸之路出口各种商品和植物，满足中国市场 的需要。
The world-renowned Silk Road is a series of routes connecting the East and the West. It extended more than 6,000 kilometers. The Silk Road was named after ancient China’s silk trade which played an important role in the civilization development of China, South Asia, Europe and the Middle East. It was through the Silk Road that papermaking, gunpowder, compass and printing of the four great inventions of ancient China were introduced around the world. Similarly, Chinese silk, tea and porcelain spread all over the world. Europe also exported various goods and plants through the Silk Road to meet the needs of the Chinese market.
3.中国园林是经过三千多年演化而成的独具一格的园林景观。它既包括为皇室成员享乐而建造的大型花园，也包括学者、商人和卸任的政府官员为摆脱嘈杂的外部世界而建造的私家花园。这些花园构成了一种意在表达人与自然之间应有的调和关系的微缩景观。典型的中国园林周围有围墙，园内有池塘、假山、树木、花草一级各种各样由弯曲的小路和走廊衔接的建筑。散步在花园中，人们可以看到一系列精心设计的景观犹如山水画卷一般展示在面前。
Chinese gardens came into being afer three thousand years of evolution and feature unique landscape. It contains both large garden intended for the royal family enjoyment and private gardens built for academics, businessmen and former government officials to get rid of the noise of the outside world. These gardens constituted a type of mini-landscape with the intention to express the harmonious relationship between human and nature. A typical Chinese garden is surrounded by by a fence, with ponds, rockeries, trees, flowers and plants, and various buildings connected by winding paths and corridors inside. Strolling in the garden, people can see a series of carefully designed landscape just like landscape picture shown.
上课内容：
中国的古代建筑拥有悠久的历史，取得过巨大的成就，它创造出长城等许多建筑奇迹。在它的发展过程中将出色的建筑技巧和艺术设计结合在一起，从而使独特的中国建筑成为最杰出三大建筑体系之一。
传统中国建筑在将空间单位联成一体时遵循的是平衡与对称的原则。主结构就是轴线，而次要结构则置于每一面的两翼，从而构成主屋和院子。住宅、官方建筑、寺院以及宫殿都遵循这些基本原则。内部空间的分配反映出中国的社会观和伦理观。传统中国建筑的另一个特点就是它使用了木结构框架和柱梁以及三面环绕建筑物的土墙。正门和窗户位于前面。几千年来，中国人将木头作为主要的建筑材料;木头对中国人来说代表着生命，而“生命”是中国文化力图传递的主要思想，这一特点一直沿用至今。
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