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英语中不用冠词的情况
不用冠词的情况
1.在专有名词和不可数名词前。
I’m going to England next week for a holiday.下周我将要去英国度假。
2.可数名词前已有作定语的物主代词my, your, his, her等;指示代词this/ these, that/those; 不定代词some, any等及所有格限制时。
The letter is in her pocket. 信在她的衣袋里。
3.复数名词表示一类人或事物时。
My father and mother are teachers. 我的父亲和母亲是教师。
4.在星期、月份、季节、节日前。
The best time to come to China is in spring or autumn. 到中国来的最好时间是春季或秋季。
Today is Thursday, September 10th, Teacher’s Day. 今天是九月十日，星期四，教师节。
[注意] 如果月份、季节等被一个限定性定语修饰，则要加定冠词。
He joined the Army in the spring of 1982.他在1982年春季参军。
5.在称呼语或表示头衔的名词前。
Happy Teachers’ Day, Miss Zhao!
Here it is, Mom!
6.在学科名称、三餐饭和球类运动名称前。
I think Chinese is more popular than any other subject. 我认为汉语比其它学科更普及。
Can you play basketball? 你会打篮球吗?We are going to play football. 我们去踢足球。
[注意]I can see a football.(指足球，并非“球类运动”)
Where’s the football.
7.某些固定词组中不用冠词。
①与by连用的交通工具名称前
by bus, by car, by bike, by train, by air/plane, by sea/ship
②名词词组
day and night, brother and sister, hour after hour, here and there
③介词词组
at home在家in surprise惊奇地
at noon在中午on foot步行
at night在晚上on duty值日
at work在工作on time准时
for example例如on business经商
in school在上学on holiday在度假
in class在上课on show展览
in hospital在住院on top of在……顶部
in bed在床上
④ go短语
go home回家go to bed上床睡觉
go to school去上学go to work去上班
go shopping/swimming/boating/fishing去买东西/游泳/划船/钓鱼
附注：
零冠词即不用冠词的情况：
1.专有名词和不可数名词： China,Class One如特指可与冠词连用。
2.泛指的复数名词前:Books are my best friend.
3.在星期、月份、季节、节日前
4.一日三餐、球类、学科、语言名词前
5.职务、头衔、称呼前:Doctor,I am not feeling well.
6.名词前已有指示代词、物主代词或不定冠词时
7.在某些固定短语中
四.注意：1.某些不可数名词表示泛指时,通常不用冠词:I like music.但当特指或具体化时,这些不可数名词与冠词连用:I like the music of the film.
2.季节特指时,也可用冠词:He was born in the summer of 1982.
3.如果由and连接的两个名词所指的是同一人或物,通常只在第一名词前加冠词,如所指的是两个不同的人或事,通常这两个名词前都需加冠词.
同一人时:He became the teacher and friend of the student.他变成了学生的老师和朋友.
She is a dancer and singer.她是一名舞蹈家兼歌唱家.
两个人时:A boy and a girl entered together.一个男孩和一个女孩一起走进来.
4.both…and所连接的两个名词前都要用冠词.Both the boys and the girls did well in their exam. one和ones都用于泛指，ones是one的复数形式，二者都用来避免重复。有时二者前有冠词和形容词。不定冠词a和an表示数量“一”，a/an…one仍表示泛指。One用来代替前面提到的可数名词单数或a/an + adj +可数名词单数，ones用来代替前面提到的可数名词复数。二者前有定冠词the时，均表示泛指，且the one，the ones后面常有定语修饰，他们和前面提到的名词是同类异物的关系。
1.I lost my pen yesterday. I will buy one.(one 代a pen)
2.Your question is a difficult one.(one代question)
3.I do not like green apples. I like red ones.(one 代apples)
4.The film is not so good as the one I saw yesterday.(one 代film，后有从句I saw yesterday修饰)
5.The knife and fork that one closest to your plate one a little bit bigger than the ones beside them.(ones代 pairs of knifes and forks，后有介词短语beside them修饰)
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