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四级商务英语经济金融术语汉英对照表

时间:2021-03-02 14:17:21 商务英语 我要投稿

四级商务英语经济金融术语汉英对照表

  M

四级商务英语经济金融术语汉英对照表

  买方市场 buyer's market

  卖方市场 seller's market

  卖出回购证券 matched sale of repo

  贸易差额 trade balance

  民间信用 non-institutionalized credit

  免二减三 exemption of income tax for the first two years ofmaking profit and 50% tax reduction for thefollowing three years

  明补 explicit subsidy

  明亏 explicit loss

  名牌产品 brand products

  母国(请见“东道国”) home country

  N

  内部控制 internal control

  内部审计 internal audit

  内地与香港 the mainland and Hong Kong

  内债 domestic debt

  扭亏为盈 to turn a loss-making enterprise into a profitable one

  扭曲金融分配 distorted allocation of financial resources

  农副产品采购支出 outlays for agricultural procurement

  农村信用社 rural credit cooperatives(RCCs)

  P

  泡沫效应 bubble effect

  泡沫经济 bubble economy

  培育新的经济增长点 to tap new sources of economic growth

  片面追求发展速度 excessive pursuit of growth

  平衡发展 balanced development

  瓶颈制约 bottleneck(constraints)

  平稳回升 steady recovery

  铺底流动资金 initial(start-up)working capital

  普遍回升 broad-based recovery

  配套改革 concomitant(supporting)reforms

  配套人民币资金 local currency funding of…

  经济金融术语汉英对照表 G

  G

  改革试点 reform experimentation

  杠杆率 leverage ratio

  杠杆收购 leveraged buyout

  高息集资 to raise funds by offering high interest

  个人股 non-institutional shares

  根本扭转 fundamental turnaround(or reversal)

  公开市场操作 open market operations

  公款私存 deposit public funds in personal accounts

  公用事业 public utilities

  公有经济 the state-owned sector;the public sector

  公有制 public ownership

  工业成本利润率 profit-to-cost ratio

  工业增加值 industrial value added

  供大于求 supply exceeding demand;excessive supply

  鼓励措施 incentives

  股份合作企业 joint-equity cooperative enterprises

  股份制企业 joint-equity enterprises

  股份制银行 joint-equity banks

  固定资产贷款 fixed asset loans

  关税减免 tariff reduction and exemption

  关税减让 tariff concessions

  关税优惠 tariff incentives;preferential tariff treatment

  规范行为 to regularize(or standardize)…behavior

  规模效益 economies of scale

  国计民生 national interest and people's livelihood

  国家对个人其他支出 other government outlays to individuals

  国家风险 country risk

  国际分工 international division of labor

  国际收支 balance of payments

  国有独资商业银行 wholly state-owned commercial banks

  国有经济(部门) the state-owned(or public)sector

  国有企业 state-owned enterprises(SOEs)

  国有制 state-ownership

  国有资产流失 erosion of state assets

  国债回购 government securities repurchase

  国债一级自营商 primary underwriters of government securities

  过度竞争 excessive competition

  过度膨胀 excessive expansion

  过热迹象 signs of overheating

  经济金融术语汉英对照表 H

  H

  合理预期 rational expectation

  核心资本 core capital

  合资企业 joint-venture enterprises

  红利 dividend

  宏观经济运营良好 sound macroeconomic performance

  宏观经济基本状况 macroeconomic fundamentals

  宏观调控 macroeconomic management(or adjustment)

  宏观调控目标 macroeconomic objectives(or targets)

  坏账 bad debt

  还本付息 debt service

  换汇成本 unit export cost;local currency cost of export earnings

  汇兑在途 funds in float

  汇兑支出 advance payment of remittance by the beneficiary's bank

  汇率并轨 unification of exchange rates

  活期存款 demand deposits

  汇率失调 exchange rate misalignment

  混合所有制 diversified(mixed)ownership

  货币政策态势 monetary policy stance

  货款拖欠 overdue obligations to suppliers

  经济金融术语汉英对照表 J

  J

  基本建设投资 investment in infrastructure

  基本经济要素 economic fundamentals

  基本适度 broadly appropriate

  基准利率 benchmark interest rate

  机关团体存款 deposits of non-profit institutions

  机会成本 opportunity cost

  激励机制 incentive mechanism

  积压严重 heavy stockpile;excessive inventory

  挤提存款 run on banks

  挤占挪用 unwarranted diversion of(financial)resources(from designated uses)

  技改投资 investment in technological upgrading

  技术密集型产品 technology-intensive product

  计划单列市 municipalities with independent planning status

  计划经济 planned economy

  集体经济 the collective sector

  加大结构调整力度 to intensify structural adjustment

  加工贸易 processing trade

  加快态势 accelerating trend

  加强税收征管稽查 to enhance tax administration

  加权价 weighted average price

  价格放开 price liberalization

  价格形成机制 pricing mechanism

  减亏 to reduce losses

  简化手续 to cut red tape;to simplify(streamline)procedures

  交投活跃 brisk trading

  缴存准备金 to deposit required reserves

  结构扭曲 structural distortion

  结构失调 structural imbalance

  结构性矛盾突出 acute structural imbalance

  结构优化 structural improvement(optimization)

  结汇、售汇 sale and purchase of foreign exchange

  金融脆弱 financial fragility

  金融动荡 financial turbulence

  金融风波 financial disturbance

  金融恐慌 financial panic

  金融危机 financial crisis

  金融压抑 financial repression

  金融衍生物 financial derivatives

  金融诈骗 financial fraud

  紧缩银根 to tighten monetary policy

  紧缩政策 austerity policies;tight financial policies

  经常账户可兑换 current account convertibility

  经济特区 special economic zones(SEZs)

  经济体制改革 economic reform

  经济增长方式的转变 change in the main source of economic growth(from investment expansion to efficiency gains)

  经济增长减速 economic slowdown;moderation in economic growth

  经济制裁 economic sanction

  经营自主权 autonomy in management

  景气回升 recovery in business activity

  境外投资 overseas investment

  竞争加剧 intensifying competition

  局部性金融风波 localized(isolated)financial disturbance

  经济金融术语汉英对照表 Q-R

  Q

  企业办社会 enterprises burdened with social responsibilities

  企业集团战略 corporate group strategy

  企业兼并重组 company merger and restructuring

  企业领导班子 enterprise management

  企业所得税 enterprise(corporate)income tax

  企业效益 corporate profitability

  企业资金违规流入股市 irregular flow of enterprise funds into the stock market

  欠税 tax arrears

  欠息 overdue interest

  强化税收征管 to strengthen tax administration

  强制措施 enforcement action

  翘尾因素 carryover effect

  切一刀 partial application

  清理收回贷款 clean up and recover loans

  (破产)清算 liquidation

  倾斜政策 preferential policy

  区别对待 differential treatment

  趋势加强 intensifying trend

  全球化 globalization

  权益回报率 returns on equity(ROE)

  缺乏后劲 unsustainable momentum

  R

  绕规模贷款 to circumvent credit ceiling

  人均国内生产总值 per capita GDP

  人均收入 per capita income

  人民币升值压力 upward pressure on the Renminbi(exchange rate)

  认缴资本 subscribed capital

  软贷款 soft loans

  软预算约束 soft budget constraint

  软着陆 soft landing

  经济金融术语汉英对照表 K-L

  K

  开办人民币业务 to engage in RMB business

  可维持(可持续)经济增长 sustainable economic growth

  可变成本 variable cost

  可自由兑换货币 freely convertible currency

  控制现金投放 control currency issuance

  扣除物价因素 in real terms;on inflation-adjusted basis

  库存产品 inventory

  跨国银行业务 cross-border banking

  跨年度采购 cross-year procurement

  会计准则 accounting standard

  L

  来料加工 processing of imported materials for export

  离岸银行业务 off-shore banking(business)

  理顺外贸体制 to rationalize foreign trade regime

  利率杠杆的调节作用 the role of interest rates in resource allocation

  利润驱动 profit-driven

  利息回收率 interest collection ratio

  联行清算 inter-bank settlement

  连锁企业 franchise(businesses);chain businesses

  良性循环 virtuous cycle

  两极分化 growing income disparity;polarization in income distribution

  零售物价指数 retail price index(RPI)

  流动性比例 liquidity ratio

  流动资产周转率/流通速度 velocity of liquid assets

  流动资金贷款 working capital loans

  流通体制 distribution system

  流通网络 distribution network

  留购(租赁期满时承租人可购买租赁物) hire purchase

  垄断行业 monopolized industry(sector)

  乱集资 irregular(illegal)fund raising

  乱收费 irregular(illegal)charges

  乱摊派 unjustified(arbitrary)levies

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