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2013年考研英语一真题及答案(word版)

  Section Ⅰ Use of English

2013年考研英语一真题及答案(word版)

  Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)

  People are, on the whole, poor at considering background information when making individual decisions. At first glance this might seem like a strength that 1 the ability to make judgments which are unbiased by 2 factors. But Dr. Uri Simonsohn speculated that an inability to consider the big 3 was leading decision-makers to be biased by the daily samples of information they were working with. 4 , he theorised that a judge 5 of appearing too soft 6 crime might be more likely to send someone to prison 7 he had already sentenced five or six other defendants only to probation on that day.

  To 8 this idea, he turned to the university-admissions process. In theory, the 9 of an applicant should not depend on the few others 10 randomly for interview during the same day, but Dr Simonsohn suspected the truth was 11 .

  He studied the results of 9,323 MBA interviews, 12 by 31 admissions officers. The interviewers had 13 applicants on a scale of one to five. This scale 14 numerous factors into consideration. The scores were 15 used in conjunction with an applicant's score on the Graduate Management Admission Test, or GMAT, a standardised exam which is 16 out of 800 points, to make a decision on whether to accept him or her.

  Dr Simonsohn found if the score of the previous candidate in a daily series of interviewees was 0.75 points or more higher than that of the one 17 that, then the score for the next applicant would 18 by an average of 0.075 points. This might sound small, but to 19 the effects of such a decrease a candidate would need 30 more GMAT points than would otherwise have been 20 .

  1.[A] grant [B] submits [C] transmits [D] delivers

  2.[A] minor [B]objective [C] crucial [D] external

  3.[A] issue [B] vision [C] picture [D] moment

  4.[A] For example [B] On average [C] In principle[D] Above all

  5.[A] fond [B]fearful [C] capable [D] thoughtless

  6.[A] in [B] on [C] to [D] for

  7.[A] if [B]until [C] though [D] unless

  8.[A] promote [B]emphasize [C] share [D] test

  9.[A] decision [B] quality [C] status [D] success

  10.[A] chosen [B]stupid [C]found [D] identified

  11.[A] exceptional [B] defensible [C] replaceable [D] otherwise

  12.[A] inspired [B]expressed [C] conducted [D] secured

  13.[A] assigned [B]rated [C] matched [D] arranged

  14.[A] put [B]got [C]gave [D] took

  15.[A]instead [B]then [C] ever [D] rather

  16.[A]selected [B]passed [C] marked [D] introduced

  17.[A]before [B] after [C] above [D] below

  18.[A] jump [B] float [C] drop [D] fluctuate

  19.[A]achieve [B]undo [C] maintain [D]disregard

  20. [A] promising [B] possible [C] necessary [D] helpful

  Section Ⅱ Reading Comprehension

  Part A

  Directions:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)

  Text 1

  In the 2006 film version of The Devil Wears Prada ,Miranda Priestly, played by Meryl Streep, scolds her unattractive assistant for imagining that high fashion doesn’t affect her, Priestly explains how the deep blue color of the assistant’s sweater descended over the years from fashion shows to departments stores and to the bargain bin in which the poor girl doubtless found her garment.

  This top-down conception of the fashion business couldn’t be more out of date or at odds with the feverish would described in Overdressed, Eliazabeth Cline’s three-year indictment of “fast fashion”. In the last decade or so ,advances in technology have allowed mass-market labels such as Zara ,H&M, and Uniqlo to react to trends more quickly and anticipate demand more precisely. Quicker turnarounds mean less wasted inventory, more frequent release, and more profit. These labels encourage style-conscious consumers to see clothes as disposable-meant to last only a wash or two, although they don’t advertise that–and to renew their wardrobe every few weeks. By offering on-trend items at dirt-cheap prices, Cline argues, these brands have hijacked fashion cycles, shaking an industry long accustomed to a seasonal pace.

  The victims of this revolution , of course ,are not limited to designers. For H&M to offer a $5.95 knit miniskirt in all its 2,300-pius stores around the world, it must rely on low-wage overseas labor, order in volumes that strain natural resources, and use massive amounts of harmful chemicals.

  Overdressed is the fashion world’s answer to consumer-activist bestsellers like Michael Pollan’s The Omnivore’s Dilemma. “Mass-produced clothing ,like fast food, fills a hunger and need, yet is non-durable and wasteful,” Cline argues. Americans, she finds, buy roughly 20 billion garments a year – about 64 items per person – and no matter how much they give away, this excess leads to waste.

  Towards the end of Overdressed, Cline introduced her ideal, a Brooklyn woman named Sarah Kate Beaumont, who since 2008 has made all of her own clothes – and beautifully. But as Cline is the first to note, it took Beaumont decades to perfect her craft; her example can’t be knocked off.

  Though several fast-fashion companies have made efforts to curb their impact on labor and the environment – including H&M, with its green Conscious Collection line –Cline believes lasting change can only be effected by the customer. She exhibits the idealism common to many advocates of sustainability, be it in food or in energy. Vanity is a constant; people will only start shopping more sustainably when they can’t afford not to.

  21. Priestly criticizes her assistant for her

  [A] poor bargaining skill.

  [B] insensitivity to fashion.

  [C] obsession with high fashion.

  [D]lack of imagination.

  22. According to Cline, mass-maket labels urge consumers to

  [A] combat unnecessary waste.

  [B] shut out the feverish fashion world.

  [C] resist the influence of advertisements.

  [D] shop for their garments more frequently.

  23. The word “indictment” (Line 3, Para.2) is closest in meaning to

  [A] accusation.

  [B] enthusiasm.

  [C] indifference.

  [D] tolerance.

  24. Which of the following can be inferred from the lase paragraph?

  [A] Vanity has more often been found in idealists.

  [B] The fast-fashion industry ignores sustainability.

  [C] People are more interested in unaffordable garments.

  [D] Pricing is vital to environment-friendly purchasing.

  25. What is the subject of the text?

  [A] Satire on an extravagant lifestyle.

  [B] Challenge to a high-fashion myth.

  [C] Criticism of the fast-fashion industry.

  [D] Exposure of a mass-market secret.

  Text2

  An old saying has it that half of all advertising budgets are wasted-the trouble is, no one knows which half . In the internet age, at least in theory ,this fraction can be much reduced . By watching what people search for, click on and say online, companies can aim “behavioural” ads at those most likely to buy.

  In the past couple of weeks a quarrel has illustrated the value to advertisers of such fine-grained information: Should advertisers assume that people are happy to be tracked and sent behavioural ads? Or should they have explicit permission?

  In December 2010 America's Federal Trade Cornmission (FTC) proposed adding a "do not track "(DNT) option to internet browsers ,so that users could tell adwertisers that they did not want to be followed .Microsoft's Internet Explorer and Apple's Safari both offer DNT ;Google's Chrome is due to do so this year. In February the FTC and Digltal Adwertising Alliance (DAA) agreed that the industry would get cracking on responging to DNT requests.

  On May 31st Microsoft Set off the row: It said that Internet Explorer 10,the version due to appear windows 8, would have DNT as a default.

  It is not yet clear how advertisers will respond. Geting a DNT signal does not oblige anyone to stop tracking, although some companies have promised to do so. Unable to tell whether someone really objects to behavioural ads or whether they are sticking with Microsoft’s default, some may ignore a DNT signal and press on anyway.

  Also unclear is why Microsoft has gone it alone. Atter all, it has an ad business too, which it says will comply with DNT requests, though it is still working out how. If it is trying to upset Google, which relies almost wholly on default will become the norm. DNT does not seem an obviously huge selling point for windows 8-though the firm has compared some of its other products favourably with Google's on that count before. Brendon Lynch, Microsoft's chief privacy officer, bloggde:"we believe consumers should have more control." Could it really be that simple?

  26. It is suggested in paragraph 1 that “behavioural” ads help advertisers to:

  [A] ease competition among themselves

  [B] lower their operational costs

  [C] avoid complaints from consumers

  [D]provide better online services

  27. “The industry” (Line 6,Para.3) refers to:

  [A] online advertisers

  [B] e-commerce conductors

  [C] digital information analysis

  [D]internet browser developers

  28. Bob Liodice holds that setting DNT as a default

  [A] many cut the number of junk ads

  [B] fails to affect the ad industry

  [C] will not benefit consumers

  [D]goes against human nature

  29. which of the following is true according to Paragraph.6?

  [A] DNT may not serve its intended purpose

  [B] Advertisers are willing to implement DNT

  [C] DNT is losing its popularity among consumers

  [D] Advertisers are obliged to offer behavioural ads

  30. The author's attitude towards what Brendon Lynch said in his blog is one of:

  [A] indulgence

  [B] understanding

  [C] appreciation

  [D] skepticism

  Text 3

  Up until a few decades ago, our visions of the future were largely - though by no means uniformly - glowingly positive. Science and technology would cure all the ills of humanity, leading to lives of fulfillment and opportunity for all.

  Now utopia has grown unfashionable, as we have gained a deeper appreciation of the range of threats facing us, from asteroid strike to epidemic flu and to climate change. You might even be tempted to assume that humanity has little future to look forward to.

  But such gloominess is misplaced. The fossil record shows that many species have endured for millions of years - so why shouldn't we? Take a broader look at our species' place in the universe, and it becomes clear that we have an excellent chance of surviving for tens, if not hundreds, of thousands of years . Look up Homo sapiens in the "Red List" of threatened species of the International Union for the Conversation of Nature (IUCN) ,and you will read: "Listed as Least Concern as the species is very widely distributed, adaptable, currently increasing, and there are no major threats resulting in an overall population decline."

  So what does our deep future hold? A growing number of researchers and organisations are now thinking seriously about that question. For example, the Long Now Foundation has its flagship project a medical clock that is designed to still be marking time thousands of years hence .

  Perhaps willfully , it may be easier to think about such lengthy timescales than about the more immediate future. The potential evolution of today's technology, and its social consequences, is dazzlingly complicated, and it's perhaps best left to science fiction writers and futurologists to explore the many possibilities we can envisage. That's one reason why we have launched Arc, a new publication dedicated to the near future.

  But take a longer view and there is a surprising amount that we can say with considerable assurance. As so often, the past holds the key to the future: we have now identified enough of the long-term patterns shaping the history of the planet, and our species, to make evidence-based forecasts about the situations in which our descendants will find themselves.

  This long perspective makes the pessimistic view of our prospects seem more likely to be a passing fad. To be sure, the future is not all rosy. But we are now knowledgeable enough to reduce many of the risks that threatened the existence of earlier humans, and to improve the lot of those to come.

  31. Our vision of the future used to be inspired by

  [A] our desire for lives of fulfillment

  [B] our faith in science and technology

  [C] our awareness of potential risks

  [D] our belief in equal opportunity

  32. The IUCN’s “Red List” suggest that human being are

  [A] a sustained species

  [B] a threaten to the environment

  [C] the world’s dominant power

  [D] a misplaced race

  33. Which of the following is true according to Paragraph 5?

  [A] Arc helps limit the scope of futurological studies.

  [B] Technology offers solutions to social problem.

  [C] The interest in science fiction is on the rise.

  [D] Our Immediate future is hard to conceive.

  34. To ensure the future of mankind, it is crucial to

  [A] explore our planet’s abundant resources

  [B] adopt an optimistic view of the world

  [C] draw on our experience from the past

  [D] curb our ambition to reshape history

  35. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?

  [A] Uncertainty about Our Future

  [B] Evolution of the Human Species

  [C] The Ever-bright Prospects of Mankind

  [D] Science, Technology and Humanity

  Text 4

  On a five to three vote, the Supreme Court knocked out much of Arizona’s immigration law Monday-a modest policy victory for the Obama Administration. But on the more important matter of the Constitution,the decision was an 8-0 defeat for the Administration’s effort to upset the balance of power between the federal government and the states.

  In Arizona v. United States, the majority overturned three of the four contested provisions of Arizona’s controversial plan to have state and local police enforce federal immigration law. The Constitutional principles that Washington alone has the power to “establish a uniform Rule of Naturalization ”and that federal laws precede state laws are noncontroversial . Arizona had attempted to fashion state policies that ran parallel to the existing federal ones.

  Justice Anthony Kennedy, joined by Chief Justice John Roberts and the Court’s liberals, ruled that the state flew too close to the federal sun. On the overturned provisions the majority held the congress had deliberately “occupied the field” and Arizona had thus intruded on the federal’s privileged powers.

  However, the Justices said that Arizona police would be allowed to verify the legal status of people who come in contact with law enforcement.That’s because Congress has always envisioned joint federal-state immigration enforcement and explicitly encourages state officers to share information and cooperate with federal colleagues.

  Two of the three objecting Justice-Samuel Alito and Clarence Thomas-agreed with this Constitutional logic but disagreed about which Arizona rules conflicted with the federal statute.The only major objection came from Justice Antonin Scalia,who offered an even more robust defense of state privileges going back to the alien and Sedition Acts.

  The 8-0 objection to President Obama turns on what Justice Samuel Alito describes in his objection as “a shocking assertion assertion of federal executive power”.The White House argued that Arizona’s laws conflicted with its enforcement priorities,even if state laws complied with federal statutes to the letter.In effect, the White House claimed that it could invalidate any otherwise legitimate state law that it disagrees with .

  Some powers do belong exclusively to the federal government, and control of citizenship and the borders is among them. But if Congress wanted to prevent states from using their own resources to check immigration status, it could. It never did so. The administration was in essence asserting that because it didn’t want to carry out Congress’s immigration wishes, no state should be allowed to do so either. Every Justice rightly rejected this remarkable claim.

  36. Three provisions of Arizona’s plan were overturned because they

  [A] deprived the federal police of Constitutional powers.

  [B] disturbed the power balance between different states.

  [C] overstepped the authority of federal immigration law.

  [D] contradicted both the federal and state policies.

  37. On which of the following did the Justices agree, according to Paragraph4?

  [A] Federal officers’ duty to withhold immigrants’information.

  [B] States’ independence from federal immigration law.

  [C] States’ legitimate role in immigration enforcement.

  [D] Congress’s intervention in immigration enforcement.

  38. It can be inferred from Paragraph 5 that the Alien and Sedition Acts

  [A] violated the Constitution.

  [B] undermined the states’ interests.

  [C] supported the federal statute.

  [D] stood in favor of the states.

  39. The White House claims that its power of enforcement

  [A] outweighs that held by the states.

  [B] is dependent on the states’ support.

  [C] is established by federal statutes.

  [D] rarely goes against state laws.

  40. What can be learned from the last paragraph?

  [A] Immigration issues are usually decided by Congress.

  [B] Justices intended to check the power of the Administration.

  [C] Justices wanted to strengthen its coordination with Congress.

  [D] The Administration is dominant over immigration issues.

  Part B

  Directions:

  In the following article, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into each of the numbered blank. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)

  The social sciences are flourishing. As of 2005,there were almost half a million professional social scientists from all fields in the world, working both inside and outside academia. According to the World Social Science Report 2010,the number of social-science students worldwide has swollen by about 11% every year since 2000.

  Yet this enormous resource in not contributing enough to today’s global challenges including climate change, security, sustainable development and health.(41)______Humanity has the necessary agro-technological tools to eradicate hunger , from genetically engineered crops to artificial fertilizers . Here , too, the problems are social: the organization and distribution of food, wealth and prosperity.

  (42)____This is a shame—the community should be grasping the opportunity to raise its influence in the real world. To paraphrase the great social scientist Joseph Schumpeter: there is no radical innovation without creative destruction.

  Today ,the social sciences are largely focused on disciplinary problems and internal scholarly debates, rather than on topics with external impact.

  Analyses reveal that the number of papers including the keywords“environmental changed” or “climate change” have increased rapidly since 2004,(43)____

  When social scientists do tackle practical issues ,their scope is often local: Belgium is interested mainly in the effects of poverty on Belgium for example .And whether the community’s work contributes much to an overall accumulation of knowledge is doubtful.

  The problem is not necessarily the amount of available funding (44)____this is an adequate amount so long as it is aimed in the right direction. Social scientists who complain about a lack of funding should not expect more in today’s economic climate.

  The trick is to direct these funds better. The European Union Framework funding programs have long had a category specifically targeted at social scientists. This year, it was proposed that system be changed: Horizon 2020,a new program to be enacted in 2014,would not have such a category ,This has resulted in protests from social scientists. But the intention is not to neglect social science ; rather ,the complete opposite.(45)____That should create more collaborative endeavors and help to develop projects aimed directly at solving global problems.

  [A] It could be that we are evolving two communities of social

  scientists: one that is discipline-oriented and publishing in highly

  specialized journals, and one that is problem-oriented and publishing

  elsewhere, such as policy briefs.

  [B] However, the numbers are still small: in 2010,about 1,600 of the

  100,000 social-sciences papers published globally included one of these

  Keywords.

  [C] the idea is to force social to integrate their work with other categories, including health and demographic change food security, marine research and the bio-economy, clear, efficient energy; and inclusive, innovative and secure societies.

  [D] the solution is to change the mindset of the academic community, and what it considers to be its main goal. Global challenges and social innovation ought to receive much more attention from scientists, especially the young ones.

  [E] These issues all have root causes in human behavior . all require behavioral change and social innovations , as well as technological development . Stemming climate change , for example , is as much about changing consumption patterns and promoting tax acceptance as it is about developing clean energy.

  [F] Despite these factors , many social scientists seem reluctant to tackle such problems . And in Europe , some are up in arms over a proposal to drop a specific funding category for social-science research and to integrate it within cross-cutting topics of sustainable development .

  [G] During the late 1990s , national spending on social sciences and the humanities as a percentage of all research and development funds-including government, higher education, non-profit and corporate -varied from around 4% to 25%; in most European nations , it is about 15%.

  Section III Translation

  46. Directions: Translate the following text from English to Chinese. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET2. (10 points)

  Directions:

  Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)

  It is speculated that gardens arise from a basic need in the individuals who made them: the need for creative expression. There is no doubt that gardens evidence an impossible urge to create, express, fashion, and beautify and that self-expression is a basic human urge; (46) Yet when one looks at the photographs of the garden created by the homeless, it strikes one that , for all their diversity of styles, these gardens speak os various other fundamental urges, beyond that of decoration and creative expression.

  One of these urges had to do with creating a state of peace in the midst of turbulence, a “still point of the turning world,” to borrow a phrase from T. S. Eliot. (47)A sacred place of peace, however crude it may be, is a distinctly human need, as opposed to shelter, which is a distinctly animal need. This distinction is so much so that where the latter is lacking, as it is for these unlikely gardens, the foemer becomes all the more urgent. Composure is a state of mind made possible by the structuring of one’s relation to one’s environment. (48) The gardens of the homeless which are in effect homeless gardens introduce from into an urban environment where it either didn’t exist or was not discernible as such.In so doing they give composure to a segment of the inarticulate environment in which they take their stand.

  Another urge or need that these gardens appear to respond to, or to arise from is so intrinsic that we are barely ever conscious of its abiding claims on us. When we are deprived of green, of plants, of trees, (49)most of us give into a demoralization of spirit which we usually blame on some psychological conditions, until one day we find ourselves in garden and feel the expression vanish as if by magic. In most of the homeless gardens of New York City the actual cultivation of plants is unfeasible, yet even so the compositions often seem to represent attempts to call arrangement of materials, an institution of colors, small pool of water, and a frequent presence of petals or leaves as well as of stuffed animals. On display here are various fantasy elements whose reference, at some basic level, seems to be the natural world. (50)It is this implicit or explicit reference to nature that fully justifies the use of word garden though in a “liberated”sense, to describe these synthetic constructions. In them we can see biophilia- a yearning for contact with nonhuman life-assuming uncanny representational forms.

  Section IV Writing

  Part A

  51. Directions:

  Write an e-mail of about 100 words to a foreign teacher in your college, inviting him/her to be a judge for the upcoming English speech contest.

  You should include the details you think necessary.

  You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.

  Do not sign your own name at the end of the e-mail. Use “Li Ming” instead.

  Do not write the address. (10 points)

  Part B

  52. Directions:

  Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay you should

  1) describe the drawing briefly

  2) explain its intended meaning, and

  3) give your comments

  You should write neatly on ANSWER SHEET2. (20 points)

  阅读答案:(由新东方集团郭威老师、广州新东方刘晓峰、济南新东方赵晓栋老师、研发中心众同事提供)

  TEXT 1

  21. 【答案】B (insensitivity to fashion)

  22. 【答案】D (shop for their garments more frequently)

  23. 【答案】A (accusation)

  24. 【答案】D (pricing is vital to environmental-friendly purchasing)

  25. 【答案】C (criticism of the fast-fashion industry)

  TEXT 2

  26. 【答案】B (lower their operational costs)

  27. 【答案】D (internet browser developers)

  28. 【答案】C (will not benefit consumers)

  29. 【答案】A (DNT may not serve its intended purpose)

  30. 【答案】D (skepticism)

  TEXT 3

  31. 【答案】B (our faith in science and technology)

  32. 【答案】A ( a sustained species)

  33. 【答案】D (Our Immediate future is hard to conceive)

  34. 【答案】C (draw on our experience from the past)

  35. 【答案】C (The Ever-bright Prospects of Mankind)

  TEXT 4

  36. 【答案】C (overstepped the authority of federal immigration law)

  37. 【答案】C (States’ legitimate role in immigration enforcement)

  38. 【答案】D (Stood in favor of the states)

  39. 【答案】A (outweighs that held by the states)

  40. 【答案】D (The Administration is dominant over immigration issues)

  翻译原文和答案(由北京新东方唐静老师提供)

  (46) Yet when one looks at the photographs of the garden created by the homeless, it strikes one that, for all their diversity of styles, these gardens speak of various other fundamental urges, beyond that of decoration and creative expression.

  然而,当我们看到这样的照片,看到那些无家可归者所创造的花园之时,感到了深深的震撼:尽管它们风格多样,但这些花园道出了其他的根本需求,而非停留在装饰美化或是创造性表达。

  (47)A sacred place of peace, however crude it may be, is a distinctly human need, as opposed to shelter, which is a distinctly animal need.

  它是一个和平的圣地,不管它有多么粗陋,但它明显是一种人类的需求,与收容所迥异,收容所明显是一种动物的需求。

  (48) The gardens of the homeless which are in effect homeless gardens introduce from into an urban environment where it either didn’t exist or was not discernible as such.

  无家可归者的花园实际上是无人问津的花园,它们是引入到城市环境中的一种建筑类型,它要么不存在,要么本身不易识别。

  (49)most of us give into a demoralization of spirit which we usually blame on some psychological conditions, until one day we find ourselves in garden and feel the oppression vanish as if by magic.

  多数人会陷入精神萎靡,我们通常把这种萎靡归咎于某种心理状态,直到有一天,我们发现自己身处花园,感到压力全无,如魔力驱使一般。

  (50)It is this implicit or explicit reference to nature that fully justifies the use of word garden though in a “liberated” sense, to describe these synthetic constructions.

  正是这种与大自然之间的或明或暗的关联使花园这个词——虽然指的是“广义”上的花园——恰如其分的形容了这些人造建筑。

  写作真题详解与参考范文(由北京新东方王江涛老师提供)

  PART A

  Directions:

  Write an email of about 100 words to a foreign teacher in your college inviting him/her to be a judge for the upcoming English speech contest.

  You should include the details you think necessary.

  You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.

  Do not sign your own name at the end of the e-mail Use “Li Ming” instead.

  Do not write the address.

  命题解析:

  2013年考研英语(一)小作文第八次考察了书信作文,属于写给外教的公务邀请信。值得注意的是,从2012年开始,考研命题组与时俱进,英语(一)及(二)小作文命题不再使用日常生活中已很少使用的letter,而是替换为大家耳熟能详的e-mail形式。其实没有本质区别,最新大纲仍定义为“私人或公务信函”,写法完全一样。

  众所周知,人们生活与工作中均需使用e-mail, 故e-mail也分为私人与公务两种。私人书信稍微随便一些,可使用3-5次缩写、省略句或口语表达等非正式语言;公务书信稍微正式一些,最好不要使用非正式语言。

  2005年考研开考小作文以来,从未考过邀请信,2013年首开先河。在2012年北京新东方学校面授班和新东方在线网络课堂中,冲刺及点睛班均提供了关于邀请信及演讲比赛的预测题目及范文,几乎全文可以使用,考生应有喜出望外之感。笔者所著《考研英语高分写作》2013版78页详细讲解了邀请信的注意事项、写作方法、万能句型,127页小作文十大必背范文第六篇即邀请信;130页小作文十大必背范文之九即关于演讲比赛的范文,诸多表达均可使用。

  考研写作要求采用缩进式:段间不空行,每段首行缩进四个字母。由于是写给外教的正式文体,应写“Dear Professor/Mr./Ms. Shakespeare,”等较为正式的称呼,不宜直呼其名(虽然老外生活中很随意)。首段可进行自我介绍、表明写作目的(邀请做英文演讲比赛评委);次段应展开具体细节:详细介绍比赛情况、邀请原因或负担食宿交通费用等均可;尾段可表示感谢并期待回信。落款应写“Yours sincerely,”或“Yours truly,”等公务落款,不宜使用“Yours,”或“Yours faithfully,”等私人落款。签名切勿写自己的真实姓名,应用“Li Ming”代替。

  由于小作文答题卡很小,很多考生将结尾客套及签名挤在同一行或写在空格以下,无需担心,电脑可以扫描到,不会因此取得低分。很多考生并未按照以上要求去写,也无须过于担心,写法有很多种,法无定法、万法归宗。只要切题同时语言简洁、地道,均可取得不错的成绩。

  参考范文

  Dear Professor Schipper,

  On behalf of all the students at my university who share a love for the English language, I am writing this e-mail to cordially invite you to be our honorable judge for an English speaking contest.

  As you are one of the leading experts in the English language in China, I believe that the students will not only be able to learn from you, but to be inspired as well. We are hoping that you will be available at 2:00 p.m. on January 5, 2013 on our campus. There has been two hours allocated for the contest and 30 minutes for a question and answer session.

  If you are interested in coming to our university for the contest, please email me at this address. (124 words)

  Yours sincerely,

  Li Ming

  参考译文

  尊敬的施舟人教授:

  我以本校全体热爱英语语言的学生的名义写信给您,诚挚地邀请您来作为一场英文演讲比赛的尊贵评委。

  由于您是中国英语语言研究方面杰出的专家之一,我相信学生们不仅能从您身上学到很多知识,而且也能够获得很大的启发。我们期待您能抽出时间在1月5日下午2点来学校,其中两个小时是比赛时间,另外30分钟则是问答环节。

  如果您对来我校有兴趣,请通过这个地址和我进行邮件联系。

  您真诚的,

  李明

  PART B

  Directions:

  Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should

  1)describe the drawing briefly,

  2)explain its intended meaning, and

  3)give your comments.

  You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (20 POINTS)

  命题解析

  2013年,考研英语(一)大作文连续第14年考察了图画作文,题目相对简单:一群毕业生毕业之际,面临着“求职、考研、出国、创业”等多条人生道路,文字说明为:“选择”。这道题目属于考研写作四大必考话题之“人生哲理”类,主题即“选择”。

  每年都有很多人号称押题成功,今年也不例外,但考生写作得分未必高。有些考生侥幸事先准备过相关话题切勿盲目乐观,如很多考生使用同样的范文可能视为雷同卷获得低分;或者有些考生虽然背过相关范文,但现场发挥部分错误百出仍然取得低分。有些考生事先未能准备过相关话题也勿妄自菲薄,阅卷教师其实最希望看到的就是完全现场发挥且语言水平较好的范文。鉴于网上答案错误百出,自己估分未必准确。英语成绩下来之后,请务必向报考院校研究生院或研招办咨询查分,可知写作等各单项具体成绩。得分是检验写作学习的最好标准!

  这已是2003年以来的11年来,第六次考察“人生哲理”这一话题,说明该话题是考生最应重视的话题之一。个中原因不言自明:命题组成员多为全国各重点大学英语系资深教授,终生诲人不倦,亲身接触以考研考生为代表的青年学子面对社会的各种困境,借此话题对青年考生进行谆谆教诲。2013年将有700万大学生毕业,180考生报名参加考研,在严峻的.就业和考研形势之下,考察“毕业选择“这一话题显然在情理之中。

  2003年考研写作考察了“温室花朵经不起风雨”即“独立”这一主题,2004年考察“终点又是新起点”即“坚持”,2007年考察“自信”,2008年考察“合作”,2012年考察“乐观”,这五道题目均为人生哲理类话题。无论是在北京新东方学校面授班、新东方在线网络课堂或笔者所著《考研英语高分写作》书中,均详细讲解过这五道考题及其他大量的“人生哲理类”范文,很多文章几乎全文可以使用。《高分写作》2013版215页为“就业问题”漫画及范文、220页为“出国留学”漫画及范文亦可使用。考生如果认真学习过上述范文,这道题目应易如反掌。

  本题第一段应简要描述漫画,指出很多毕业生面临“求职、考研、出国、创业”的各种选择。第二段应进行意义阐释,可分析毕业选择所需考虑的诸多因素或不同选择的利弊说明,采用因果、正反、举例、联系现实等多种论证手段。第三段可进行归纳结论和提出建议措施:各种选择无所谓对错,适合自己即是最佳选择。

  很多考生担心大作文跑题问题,其实大可不必。2013年180万考生考研,阅卷组一周之内判完所有试卷,没有兴趣深究思维或结构,重在语言地道、简洁、舒服。只要文章与“选择、求职、考研、出国或创业”相关即可,仁者见仁、智者见智,无须过于担心。阅卷老师也不会因为某些考生关键词写错或不会而直接低分,关键还是看语言的整体水平。你的真实语言水平如何,身为大学英语系教师的阅卷老师当然一目了然。

  参考范文

  As is vividly shown in the cartoon, for undergraduate college students, deciding what to do upon graduation can be a tough decision to say the least. For the vast majority of students, the choice is among finding a job, pursuing postgraduate studies, going abroad or starting one’s own business. And below the drawing, there is a topic which says: “choice”.

  When making this decision, students should consider a variety of factors, including their personal preferences, financial status and career plans. The first factor that they should consider is their own personal preferences. Some students may have entrepreneurial ambitions and dream of running their own business. The second factor that undergraduate students should consider is their financial situation. Some students or their families are able to support the tuition fees of postgraduate studies or studying overseas, while for others it would be too much of a financial strain. The final factor that students should take into account is their intended career. Students who make the wrong choice could be faced with disappointing career prospects, or end up wasting their time and money.

  When it comes time for university graduates to decide their next step in life, there is no one right or wrong choice for everyone. Rather, each student must reach his or her own conclusion. With due consideration of personal preferences, financial status and career goals, students can improve their chances of making an optimal choice. (236 words)

  参考译文

  如图所示,对于本科生来说,决定毕业之后做什么毫不夸张地说是一个艰难的选择。大多数学生都在求职、考研、出国和创业之间徘徊。在漫画下面,小标题显示:“选择”。

  在做决定的时候,学生应该考虑很多因素,包括个人偏好、经济状况及职业计划。大学生第一个要考虑的就是自己的个人偏好。有些学生希望成为企业家,梦想拥有自己的公司。第二个要考虑的因素就是自己的经济条件。有些学生自己或家里可以负担考研或出国的学费,而对有些人来说这些费用是一项沉重的负担。大学生所需要考虑的最后一个因素就是自己的期望职业。错误的决定会让你面临着失望的就业前景,或是到头来浪费了时间和金钱。

  大学毕业之际,每个人在决定人生中的下一步时无所谓对和错。更恰当地说,每个学生必须给出属于自己的结论。大学生综合考虑个人偏好、经济状况及职业目标,就更有可能做出最优的选择。

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