我要投稿 投诉建议

6月大学英语六级A卷超详细超精解分析

时间:2021-01-30 11:33:32 英语六级 我要投稿

2004年6月大学英语六级A卷超详细超精解分析

超 精 解 分 析

Part I Listening Comprehension

Section A
1. W: Huh, Dick. You are wearing a black jacket, but yellow trousers. It’s the strangest combination I’ve ever seen.
M: I know. I got up late and dressed in a hurry. I didn’t realize my mistake until I entered the office.
Q: What does the woman think of the way Dick dressed?
A) Dick’s trousers don’t match his jacket.
B) Dick looks funny in that yellow jacket.
C) The color of Dick’s jacket is too dark.
D) Dick has bad taste in clothes.
解析: 女士说Dick的穿着是她所见过的最奇怪的搭配,也就是裤子和上衣不匹配(match)。注意strangest为最高级,表示强调。
单词:combination搭配,组合;funny滑稽,好笑的
短语:in a hurry匆忙;have bad taste in sth. 在某方面品位不高
句型:It’s + the + 形容词最高级 + 名词 + I’ve ever seen. 这是我所见过的最…的…。如:It’s the most exciting film I’ve ever seen. 这是我所见过的最令人兴奋的电影。这类句型常为考点。
2. M: Excuse me, but has anyone turned in a brown leather wallet? I’ve lost my wallet. It contains my driver’s license and also some family pictures that are pretty important to me.
W: Oh, yes, we had a wallet brought in this morning. Wait here just a minute, please.
Q: What will the woman probably do?
A) Call the police station.
B) Get the wallet for the man.
C) Show the man her family pictures.
D) Ask to see the man’s driver’s license.
解析:女士回答有人上交过钱包,请等一会儿。从中可以推断,女士最有可能是去拿钱包。注意对话是围绕wallet, 题目和答案必定与之相关。
单词:leather皮革;contain内有,包含;picture照片
短语:turn in 上交;driver’s license驾驶执照;bring in上交;have sth. done(别人)做了某事
句型:Excuse me, but… 常在引起别人注意或请求帮忙时使用
3. M: Excuse me, Madam? Is the air-conditioning on? This room is getting as hot as a furnace.
W: Sorry, sir, a new epidemic called SARS is threatening us right now. As a preventative measure, we are told to let in fresh air by opening the windows and not using air-conditioners.
Q: What does the woman mean?
A) The temperature is not as high as the man claims.
B) The room will get cool if the man opens the windows.
C) She is following instructions not to use the air-conditioning.
D) She is afraid the new epidemic SARS will soon spread all over town.
解析:女士说作为预防非典的措施,他们被要求开窗通风,不要开空调。we are told to表示女士follow instructions。本对话的讨论中心是开不开空调,其它答案离题。
单词:air-conditioning / air-conditioner空调;epidemic流行病
短语:as hot as a furnace 象炉子一样热(比喻非常热);preventative measure预防措施; follow instructions 听从指令,指示;spread all over town 扩展到全城
句型:Is sth. on? 某物开着吗?如:Is the lamp on? 灯开着吗?
4. M: You look quite different from what you used to.
W: Sure, I started exercising regularly two years ago and went from 253 pounds to a healthy 160 pounds. And that’s the only thing I did not give up halfway.
Q: What do we know about the woman?
A) She lost a lot of weight in two years.
B) She stopped exercising two years ago.
C) She had a unique way of staying healthy.
D) She was never persistent in anything she did.
解析:本题要求考生具有相当的概括能力。女士两年前开始减肥,从253磅降到了160磅。lost a lot of weight是概括性替换,这比一般替换要难。
单词:regularly有规律地
短语:used to曾经;give up halfway半途而废; lose weight体重下降;减肥;a unique way独特方法;stay healthy保持健康
5. M: I wonder if you find my experience relevant to the job.
W: Yes, certainly, but if only you had sent in your application letter a week earlier.
Q: What does the woman imply?
A) The man is not suitable for the position.
B) The job has been given to someone else.
C) She had received only one application letter.
D) The application arrived a week earlier than expected.
解析:解题的关键是对but if only you had虚拟语气的理解。女士说:是的,当然(你的经历和这个工作是相关的),但是你要是早一个星期递交你的申请信就好了。言下之意是别人已经first come, first served先来先得,得到这份工作了。另外,本对话是围绕job展开的。
单词:position职位
短语:relevant to与…有关;send in递交,递送;application letter申请信;suitable for适合
句型:I wonder if… 我想知道是否… ;if only you had done sth.你要是做了某事就好了
6. W: Shouldn’t someone go pick up a clothes from the laundry? They were ready three hours ago.
M: Don’t look at me, Mom.
Q: What does the boy mean?
A) He’s unwilling to fetch the laundry.
B) He has already picked up the laundry.
C) He will go before the laundry closed.
D) He thinks his mother should get the clothes back.
解析:本对话的话题是取衣服。男孩回答Don’t look at me, 言外之意是不愿意去取衣服。答案应该是否定的回答。pick up = fetch
单词:laundry洗衣店, 要洗的衣服;ready完毕,好了;fetch取来
短语:pick up取
句型:Shouldn’t someone do sth? 某人难道不应该做某事吗?(实际上的意思是希望某人做某事);Don’t look at me. 间接回答,表示否定,不愿意干某事。
7. M: Uh, hi, could you tell me where electronic products are displayed? I want to see some TVs, digital video cameras, DVD players. That sort of thing!
W: Well, several countries are displaying electronic products. China’s selection is very large this year. You might as well go to the east wing first to take a look at the Chinese booth.
Q: Where is the conversation most probably taking place?
A) At a shopping center.
B) At an electronics company.
C) At an international trade fair.
D) At a DVD counter in a music store.
解析:根据重复出现的关键词display, 还有booth,several countries可以判断对话是发生在an international trade fair. 最容易误选A,因为对话中很多展览的商品的名称在干扰考生,使你想当然地认为是在购物中心。本题着重考查从纷繁的细节中抓住对话中心的能力。
单词:display陈列,展览;player播放器;wing侧厅,侧楼;booth摊位,展位;counter 柜台
短语:electronic products电子产品;digital video cameras数码摄像机;take a look at看一看;shopping center购物中心;trade fair贸易展览,交易会
句型:You might as well do sth. 你不妨做某事(表示建议)
8. M: Well, what did you think of the movie?
W: I don’t know why I let you talk me into going. I just don’t like violence. Next time you’d better choose a comedy.
Q: What can we infer from the conversation?
A) The woman hated the man talking throughout the movie.
B) The woman saw a comedy instead of a horror movie.
C) The woman prefers light movies before sleep.
D) The woman regrets going to the movie.
解析:男士问女士对电影的看法,所以回答也肯定是围绕着电影。根据对话相关性,只有D表达了对这部电影的看法,其它选项都偏题了。另外,从女士用的句型I don’t know why / I just don’t like可以看出,女士不喜欢看这部电影,后悔被男士说服去看了。
单词:comedy喜剧
短语:talk sb. into doing sth.说服某人干某事;horror movie恐怖电影;light movie轻松的电影;regret doing 后悔干某事;go to the movie去看电影
句型:What did you think of sth. ? 你对某物(事)的看法如何?
9. W: Who do you think should get the job? How about Mr. Beckett?
M: Mr. Beckett? I am not sure. He is a nice fellow, of course, and easy to get along with. But I doubt his professional expertise. I want someone who can get the job done.
Q: What do we learn from the conversation about Mr. Beckett?
A) He is the right man to get the job done.
B) He is a man with professional expertise.
C) He is not easy to get along with.
D) He is not likely to get the job.
解析:和第5题相似,本题对话也是围绕job展开的。男士给了否定的回答(优先选择否定的答案),这可以从Mr. Beckett?(升调,表示怀疑)以及But后面的内容判断出。也就是说Beckett不太可能得到这个工作,选D。
单词:fellow家伙,伙伴
短语:get along with sb.与某人友好相处;professional expertise专业技能,专业知识;get the job done做完这个工作;right man合适的人
句型:How about sb. ? 某人怎么样(是不是适合干某事)?I doubt sth. 我怀疑某事。
10. M: Do you think home video players will replace movie theatres and force them out of the entertainment business?
W: They’re certainly faced with the grave challenge from the DVD industry. That’s why I think we have to revolutionize our concept of movie showing. As I see it, the movie theatre should not just be a place to watch a film but a place to meet people.
Q: What does the woman think of the movie theatre?
A) It is being forced out of the entertainment industry.
B) It should change its concept of operation.
C) It should revolutionize its technology.
D) It is a very good place to relax.
解析:女士只是说应该改革电影运作的理念,并没有说改革技术,所以C错。B才是对话中I think we have to … 一句的同义表达。
单词:revolutionize使革命,使彻底变革;operation运作,运营
短语:movie theatre电影院;entertainment business娱乐行业;be faced with面对;grave challenge严峻挑战

Section B
Passage 1
(11)Few people can stand for(代表,象征)the spirit of early America as much as Benjamin Franklin. He lived through almost the whole of the 18th century. He was born six years after the century began and died ten years before it ended. During this time, he saw the American colonies(殖民地)grow from tiny settlements(定居点) into a nation and he also contributed much to the new state. He was deeply interested in science and natural history. And his experiments with the electricity and lightning led directly to the invention of the lightning rod. He was also interested in improving the conditions of his fellowmen. He was involved in a number of projects in his native Philadelphia, including the setting up of a library, a university, a philosophical society and a fire prevention service. He worked hard to enable the American colonies to gain independence from (从…获得独立) Britain.(12)As an ambassador(大使)to France, he encouraged the French to help George Washington. After the war, he attended the American Constitutional Congress. This was his last contribution, for he died later that year.(13)He’s still fondly(亲爱地, 深情地)remembered by Americans as one of the creators(创立者)of the United States.
11. What did the speaker say about Benjamin Franklin?
12. How did Franklin help George Washington?
13. According to the passage, what is Franklin still well remembered as?
Passage 2
Yuppies are young people who earn a lot of money and live in a style that is too expensive for most people. (14)If you are invited to a Yuppie(雅皮士)dinner party, don’t be surprised if you are offered freshly cooked insects as a first course. While the idea of eating fried insects fills most of us with horror, insect eating is becoming highly fashionable. For example, in the media industry, successful executives(经理) are often seen to eat fried or boiled insects from time to time while working at their desks.(15)These safe-to-eat insects can be found and ordered(订购)on the Internet. And young people are logging on to(登陆到)exotic(奇异的,外来的)food websites and ordering samples of prepared insects to serve at their dinner parties. Although the idea of eating insects is probably disgusting(恶心的)to most of us, few people would claim that pigs, chickens and some kinds of sea food we often eat are examples of great beauty. One day, insects could be marketed and sold as a food item in supermarkets.(16)According to their fans, they are not only high in protein(蛋白质)and low in fat, but also very tasty.(17)But until our attitudes to food change fundamentally(根本地), it seems that insect eaters will remain a select(精选的)few.
14. Why did the speaker say we might be surprised at the Yuppie dinner party?
15. Where can people order the unusual food mentioned by the speaker?
16. Why are some Yuppies attracted by the unusual food?
17. What does the speaker say about the future of this type of unusual food?
Passage 3
Many people dislike walking to the bank, standing in long lines and running out of checks.(18)They are dissatisfied with their bank’s limited hours(办公时间), too. They want to do some banking at night and on weekends. For such people, their problems may soon be over. Before long, they may be able to do their banking from the comfort of their own home any hour of the day, any day of the week. Many banks are preparing online branches(分行)or Internet offices, which means that people will be able to take care of(处理)much of their banking business through their home computers. This process is called interactive banking. At these online branches, customers will be able to view all their accounts(帐户), move money between their accounts, apply for a loan(贷款)and get current information on products such as credit cards(信用卡). Customers will also be able to pay their bills(付帐单)electronically and even email questions to the bank. Banks are creating online services for several reasons.(20)One reason is that banks must compete for(为…而竞争)customers, who will switch to another bank if they are dissatisfied with the service they receive. (19)The convenience of online banking appeals to(吸引)the kind of customer banks most want to keep, that is, people who are young, well-educated and have good incomes. Banks also want to take advantage of modern technology since they have moved into the 21st century.
18. What is one of the reasons for people’s dissatisfaction with traditional banks?
19. What kind of customer does online banking most appeal to?
20. Why do banks create online services according to the passage?


Part II Reading Comprehension

Passage One

(21) It was the worst tragedy in maritime (航海) history, six times more deadly than the Titanic.(第一句是一判断句,此类句子通常为作者的观点句。It实际上是指the sinking of Wilhelm Gustloff, six times more deadly than the Titanic是作者作此判断的直接原因或理由,考生不妨在这里将比较级划出,因比较处常为考点。这一句只是概括性的,后文还应该对此进行详细阐述,点明it。)When the German cruise ship Wilhelm Gustloff was hit by torpedoes (鱼雷) fired from a Russian submarine in the final winter of Word War II, more than 10,000 people — mostly women, children and old people fleeing the final Red Army push into Nazi Germany —were packed aboard.(该句大意为:这艘被鱼雷击中的船当时船上有超过一万人。句子主干是more than 10,000 people were packed aboard;when引导时间状语从句,其中的fired from…为过去分词后置定语,修饰torpedoes;破折号之间的内容对10,000 people作进一步解释说明, fleeing … Nazi Germany为现在分词短语,修饰women, children and old people。)(22) An ice storm had turned the decks into frozen sheets that sent hundreds of families sliding into the sea as the ship tilted and began to go down.(一场冰暴使那艘船的甲板结了一层冰,当船身倾斜、开始下沉时,挤在甲板上的数百个家庭滑入大海。that sent hundreds of families sliding into the sea是定语从句,修饰frozen sheets;as直接点出船下沉的时间。)Others desperately tried to put lifeboats down.(注意这里others是指那些没有滑入大海的人)Some who succeeded fought off those in the water who had the strength to try to claw their way aboard. Most people froze immediately.(句子主干是Some fought off those。文章至此都是叙述细节,说明当时海难的情况。)“I’ll never forget the screams,” says Christa Nutzmann ,87, one of the 1,200 survivors. She recalls watching the ship, brightly lit, slipping into its dark grave — and into seeming nothingness, rarely mentioned for more than half a century.(最后通过一个幸存者的回忆,指明这个事件超过半个世纪不被人所提及。注意:这里点出了文章的主题,前面都是铺垫。预测后文可能会探讨其原因,或分析人们对这场灾难的态度。从写作手法上看,brightly lit和dark grave形成强烈对比,凸现这场海难的悲剧性。)
21.Why does the author say the sinking of the Wilhelm Gustloff was the worst tragedy in maritime history?
[定位与替换]本题是问为什么作者说Wilhelm Gustloff的沉没是航海史上最严重的悲剧?根据题干关键词the worst tragedy,可直接定位到原文第一句。这里作者把Gustloff和Titanic在死亡人数上作了比较,deadly一词表明Gustloff的死亡人数是Titanic的六倍,作者是从死亡人数多这个角度来说明Gustloff的沉没是航海史上最严重的悲剧的。所以应该选D) It caused the largest number of casualties.它造成了最大的人员伤亡。six times more = the largest number, deadly = casualties。注意原文中的比较级在答案中要么还是比较级,要么转变成最高级。
[干扰项分析]A) It was attacked by Russian torpedoes.它被俄国鱼雷攻击,B) Most of its passengers were frozen to death.大部分乘客都被冻死,A和B也是文章中提到的细节,但与本题无关, 偏离考点。C) Its victims were mostly women and children.遇难者大部分是妇女和儿童,尽管文章提到遇难者大部分是妇女、儿童和老年人,但仅凭遇难者主要是妇女和儿童并不能得出这是最严重的海难和悲剧。因为其它海难的主要遇难者也可能大部分是妇女、儿童,其比例还可能更高;另外,原文中说的是“大部分是妇女、儿童和老年人”,选项C中未提到老年人,也不全面。有同学说,从网上查到资料历史上最惨的海难事件是GOYA而不是Wilhelm Gustloff。在此提请注意:命题者不是在考查考生的背景知识,而是考查考生对文章本身的理解。答题时一定要从原文出发,一定要基于文中作者的观点及列举的事实。
22. Hundreds of families dropped into the sea when .
[定位与替换]本题是问数百个家庭是什么时候掉入海里的?题干与sent hundreds of families sliding into the sea对应。句中的as对应题干中的when。由此我们得知,数百个家庭滑入大海的直接原因是船倾斜了,所以本题应选C) the badly damaged ship leaned toward one side 这艘损害巨大的船向一侧倾斜。至于the badly damaged ship的出处,文中第二行说的很清楚:hit by torpedoes(被鱼雷击中)。leaned toward one side = tilted。
[干扰项分析] A) a strong ice storm tilted the ship 一场强烈冰暴使那艘船倾斜,强烈干扰项,文章并未提到是冰暴使船倾斜(只提到使甲板上结了一层冰);B) the cruise ship sank all of a sudden 这艘巡洋舰突然间沉没,错在all of a sudden,也是曲解原文,若去掉all of a sudden就可以;D) the frightened passengers fought desperately for lifeboats受惊的乘客绝望地争夺救生艇,注意抢夺救生艇是在数百个家庭掉入海里之后发生的,对于本题而言,选项D显然是答非所问。解题的关键是把握并正确理解文章纷繁的细节。

(24) Now Germany’s Nobel Prize-winning author Gunter Grass has revived the memory of the 9,000 dead, including more than 4,000 children — with his latest novel Ctab Walk, published last month.(注意本句revived the memory of the 9,000 dead很好地承接了上文,Gunter Grass利用自己的小说又唤醒了人们的记忆。)The book, which will be out in English next year, doesn’t dwell on the sinking; its heroine is a pregnant young woman who survives the catastrophe only to say later: “Nobody wanted to hear about it, not here in the West (of Germany) and not at all in the East.” (介绍了本书并不详细阐述沉船本身,书里的女主人公是一名在海难里生还的孕妇,她只能在生还后感叹:在西德没有人要听这个,更不用说在东德。) (23) The reason was obvious. As Grass put it in a recent interview with the weekly Die Woche: “Because the crimes we Germans are responsible for were and are so dominant, we didn’t have the energy left to tell to our own sufferings.” (The reason指的是德国人为什么不愿意提及Gustloff悲剧的原因。As Grass put it in a recent interview… 这里it是指the reason …因为我们德国人需要为之负责的罪行在过去和现在都是如此的显著,没有多余的精力来谈论我们自己的痛苦。这里是因果关系考点,并和文章主题相关,考生应做标记。)
23.The Wilhelm Gustloff tragedy was little talked about for more than half a century because Germans
[定位与替换]本题是问Wilhelm Gustloff悲剧为什么在超过半个世纪的时间里很少被人提及?定位到第二段的原因考点。德国人所犯的罪行太dominant了,他们被负罪感压得抬不起头来,所以应该选B) felt guilty for their crimes in World War II 对在二战中所犯的罪行感到有负罪感。文章没有提到谁给德国人压力。
[干扰项分析] A) were eager to win international acceptance 急于获得国际承认,D) were afraid of offending their neighbors 害怕冒犯邻国,尽管A、D相关内容在第三段第二句中被提到过,但并不是很少被人提及的原因。获得国际承认、与邻国和平相处是德国毫无保留地坦承自己在二战犯下罪行而得到的结果,因而这两个选项颠倒了因果关系;C) had been pressured to keep silent about it受到压力被迫保持沉默,文章没有提到谁给德国压力,为无中生有。
24.How does Günter Grass revive the memory of the Wilhelm Gustloff tragedy?
[定位与替换] 本题是问Günter Grass如何唤醒了人们对Wilhelm Gustloff悲剧的记忆?根据关键词可定位到第二段。Grass是通过他的小说来唤醒人们尘封的记忆的,女主人公是一位这场灾难中幸存下来的怀孕的年轻妇女。显然,小说是围绕着这位妇女的经历展开的,所以应选D) By depicting the survival of a young pregnant Woman通过描述一个年轻的怀孕的妇女的幸存。 第23、24题虽然是细节题,但都直接和本文主题相关,所以准确判断文章主题非常重要。
[干扰项分析] A) By presenting the horrible scene of the torpedo attack 通过表现鱼雷攻击的可怕场面,文中无细节支持;B) By describing the ship’s sinking in great detail 通过非常详细地描写这艘船的沉没,文中提到小说并没有详细描写沉船;C) By giving an interview to the weekly Die Woche通过接受Die Woche周刊的采访,尽管文章中有这个细节,却偏离了考点。

The long silence about the sinking of the Wilhelm Gustloff was probably unavoidable — and necessary. (注意文中破折号的使用,表示强调!)By unreservedly owning up to their country’s monstrous crimes in the Second World War, Germans have managed to win acceptance abroad, marginalize(使…不得势)the neo-Nazis at home and make peace with their neighbors. Today’s unified Germany is more prosperous and stable than at any time in its long, troubled history. For that, a half century of willful forgetting about painful memories like the German Titanic was perhaps a reasonable price to pay.(For that中的that指的是德国今天的繁荣和稳定。本句的内涵是,德国今天的繁荣在一定程度上就是因为德国人对当年自己如此惨重的沉船事故保持沉默。)But even the most politically correct Germans believe that they’ve now earned the right to discuss the full historical record. Not to equate German suffering with that of its victims, but simply to acknowledge a terrible tragedy.(对Wilhelm Gustloff的沉没的长期沉默也许是不可避免的,而且是必须的。正是因为毫无保留地坦承自己在二战犯下的残暴罪行,德国才成功地赢得了外界的接受、抑制了国内新纳粹的抬头并且与邻国和平共处。当今统一的德国之富裕和稳定,超过她漫长和不平静的历史上的任何一个时期。为了这一点,德国半个世纪的有意识地忘却那惨痛的记忆也许是一个值得付出的代价。但是,即使是政治上最开明的德国人现在也认为,他们已经有这个权利来讨论这个历史事件。(目的)不是为了把德国人的痛苦与那些二战受害者的痛苦相提并论,而仅仅是去承认一个可怕灾难的客观存在。本段中,作者探讨了德国人过去保持沉默的原因,以及德国人认为他们现在有权利讨论这件事情了。注意最后一句not to … but simply to 表示强调,为语意重点。)
25.It can learned from the passage that Germans no longer think that .
[定位与替换]本题要求根据文章来推断,德国人不再认为什么?因最后一段主要探讨了德国人的观点,故本题定位到最后一段。综合整段意思可以得出,现在德国人不再认为他们讨论这场灾难会被人们误解,他们相信外界将不会认为自己是在为昔日的罪行作辩护,而只是在对一段历史往事进行探讨。所以应该选 A) they will be misunderstood if they talk about the Wilhelm Gustloff tragedy 如果他们讨论Wilhelm Gustloff悲剧会被误解。解题需要整合最后一段的内容,从中提炼出德国人现在的观点。
[干扰项分析]B) the Wilhelm Gustloff tragedy is a reasonable price to pay for the nation’s past misdeeds, Wilhelm Gustloff灾难是一个为这个国家过去的罪行值得付出的代价。根据最后一段,德国人认为半个世纪对这场灾难的忘却是一个值得付出的代价,并不是认为这场灾难本身是一个值得付出的代价。注意:命题者在这里设置了一个“偷换概念”的陷阱;C) Germany is responsible for the horrible crimes it committed in World War II 德国对它在二战期间所犯的恐怖罪行负有责任, 与最后一段内容不符;D) it is wrong to equate their sufferings with those of other countries 把他们的苦难与其它国家的苦难等同是错误的,与末句不符。

【重点单词】
tragedy n. 悲剧,惨案,灾难
pack v. ①捆扎,(把…)打包②(使)挤在一起,塞满 n. 包,小盒,包裹
tilt v. ①(使)倾斜,(使)倾侧,(使)翘起②(用语言或文字)攻击,抨击 n. 倾斜,倾侧
desperately adv. 拼命地,绝望地
aboard prep./adv. 在(船、飞机、车)上,上(船、飞机、车)
slip vi. ①滑动,滑倒,滑落②溜走③下降,跌落 vt. ①使滑动②摆脱,闪开③放过,放走④塞,放
n. ①滑,滑倒②过失,差错③片条,纸片
revive v. (使)复苏,(使)恢复
dwell vi. ①[书面语]居住②沉湎于,老是想着,详细谈论(on)
[真题]Please don’t ______ too much on the painful memories. Everything will be all right.
A) hesitate B) linger C) retain D) dwell [CET-6:2001,6]
[译文]请不要太过于沉湎在痛苦的回忆中,一切都会好起来的。
catastrophe n. 大灾难,大祸
dominant a. 统治的,占优势的,突出的,显著的
unreservedly adv. 毫无保留地,不客气地
monstrous a. 巨大的,怪异的
prosperous a. 繁荣的
willful a. 任性的,固执的,故意的

【必背搭配】
动词与名词搭配:
revive the memory 使记忆复苏
fire torpedoes 发射鱼雷
make peace (with) 与…讲和,休战,言归于好
动词与介词搭配:
slide into 滑入
dwell on 沉湎于
fight off 击败,排斥,竭力摆脱
形容词与名词搭配:
monstrous crimes 滔天罪行
dominant crimes 突出的、显著的罪行
troubled history 苦难历史
historical record 历史记录
unified Germany 统一的德国
名词与介词搭配:
interview with (sb.) 与(某人)的会见
副词与动词搭配:
desperately try (to do sth.) 拼命地试图(做某事)

Passage Two

Given the lack of fit between gifted students and their schools, it is not surprising that such students often have little good to say about their school experiences.(考虑到天才学生与学校之间不和谐的关系,这些学生对他们的学校经历没有什么好话说就不奇怪了。第一句揭示主题,探讨了天才学生的成长与学校教育的关系。这里the lack of fit讲得比较抽象,下文会详细阐述。it is not surprising that…为作者观点句,是作者的argument。语篇关键词:gifted students / school)In one study of 400 adults who had achieved distinction in all areas of life, researchers found that three-fifths of these individuals either did badly in school or were unhappy in school. Few MacArthunr Prize fellows, winners of the MacArthur Award for creative accomplishment, had good things to say about their precollegiate schooling if they had not been placed in advanced programs. Anecdotal(名人轶事的) reports support this. Pablo Picasso, Charles Darwin, Mark Twain, Oliver Goldsmith, and William Butler Yeats all disliked school. So did Winston Churchill, who almost failed out of Harrow, an elite British school. (27) About Oliver Goldsmith, one of his teachers remarked, “Never was so dull a boy.” Often these children realize that they know more than their teachers, and their teachers often feel that these children are arrogant, inattentive, or unmotivated.(作者接着举出研究人员的调查来证明自己的观点。先提出观点,再用例子证明,这是常见的写作手法。)
27.The author quotes the remarks of one of Oliver Goldsmith’s teachers _________.
[定位与替换]本题是问作者引用Goldsmith的老师的评论的目的是什么?根据关键词Oliver Goldsmith’s teachers定位到第一段,作者引用了一些名人轶事证明很多有成就的人都对他们的学校经历评价不高,也就是证明作者自己的观点,故选A) to provide support for his argument对其观点提供支持。解题的关键在于认清例证在段落中的作用是为了证明作者的观点,平时要加强语篇分析。
[干扰项分析] B) to illustrate the strong will of some gifted children阐明一些天才儿童的坚强的意志,第一段无内容支持strong will,第二段中有strong-willed一词,属于词汇干扰;C) to explain how dull students can also be successful解释愚笨的学生如何也能获得成功, Goldsmith的老师说过从来没见过这么dull的孩子,但这并非作者的观点;D) to show how poor Oliver’s performance was at school 显示Oliver在学校的表现有多么糟糕,此选项和C的错误类型相同。

(28) Some of these gifted people may have done poorly in school because their gifts were not scholastic. (作者在第一句就提出了论点,these gifted people指第一段举的许多名人,承接上文。) Maybe we can account for Picasso in this way. (30)But most fared poorly in school not because they lacked ability but because they found school unchallenging and consequently lost interest.(注意:not because … but because 结构中,作者语意重点在but because之后。)Yeats described the lack of fit between his mind and school: “Because I had found it difficult to attend to anything less interesting than my own thoughts, I was difficult to teach.” As noted earlier, gifted children of all kinds tend to be strong-willed nonconformists. Nonconformity and stubbornness (and Yeats’s level of arrogance and self-absorption) are likely to lead to conflicts with teachers.(本段主要阐述天才学生和学校格格不入的原因,并举例说明。)
26.The main point the author is making about schools is that________.
[定位与替换]本题是问作者关于学校所持的主要观点是什么?一般此类问题的答案都会含有本文的关键词,即主要讨论对象。根据前面的语篇分析,考虑选择B和D,因为其中都有关键词talented / gifted students。 B项的talented students是文中gifted students的替换词,应优先选择。作者在文中表达的观点是,天才学生经常觉得他们比老师知道的多,学校里的功课没有挑战性,他们都不循规蹈矩,很容易和老师发生冲突。换而言之,作者认为学校经常不能满足天才学生的需要。所以,最终选B) they are often incapable of catering to the needs of talented students学校经常不能满足天才学生的需要。本题要求考生跨段落整合内容,把握文章的中心思想。
[干扰项分析] A) they should satisfy the needs of students from different family backgrounds它们应该满足来自不同家庭背景的学生的需求,文章只是在第三段提到很多天才学生从家庭教育中获益很多, 本选项曲解了文章信息;C) they should organize their classes according to the students’ ability它们应该根据学生的能力来组织教学,和D) they should enroll as many gifted students as possible它们应该尽可能多地招收天才学生,文中均无信息支持。
28.Pablo Picasso is listed among the many gifted children who_________.
[定位与替换]本题是问毕加索属于哪一类天才儿童?根据关键词Picasso,可以定位到原文第一段中的Picasso … disliked school.和第二段第二句Maybe we can account for Picasso in this way. 也许我们可以这样来解释毕加索。in this way指代第一句中because后的内容,指出毕加索属于第一句中所说在学校里表现不好、天赋不是学术方面的那一类天才。正确选项要从scholastic (of or relating to schools; academic) 这个词着手,必须有学校、学术一类的词汇,与之相关的选项只有C) could not cope with there studies at school successfully 不能成功地应付学校的学习。解题的关键在于正确识别指代,平时应注意培养对相关词汇的敏感性。
[干扰项分析] A) paid no attention to their teachers in class在课堂上不注意他们的老师,文中无信息支持;B) contradicted their teachers much too often太经常地反驳他们的老师,文中也无信息支持;D) behaved arrogantly and stubbornly in the presence of their teachers在老师面前表现自大和顽固,是用文中词汇stubbornness和 arrogant来进行干扰。
30.The root cause of many gifted students having bad memories of their school years is that ________.
[替换与定位]本题是问许多天才学生对学校没有什么好的记忆的根本原因是什么?结合语篇分析和前面几道题,可以知道矛盾的焦点不在于老师,而在于学校。学校不能满足天才学生的需求,不能给他们以灵感,不能激励他们,所以选C) school courses failed to inspire or motivate them学校未能给他们灵感或者激励他们。 另外,第二段也提到but because they found school unchallenging and consequently lost interest. 学生在学校表现不好的原因是他们觉得学校没有挑战性,因此失去了兴趣(也就是说对学校没有什么好印象),unchallenging = fail to inspire or motivate。
[干扰项分析] A) their nonconformity brought them a lot of trouble他们不墨守成规给他们带来不少麻烦;B) they were seldom praised by their teachers他们很少被老师赞扬;D) teachers were usually far stricter than their parents老师通常比他们的父母严格得多;三个干扰项都偏离了文章主题,并且都太具体了。解答这类与文章主题相关的题目时,要注意寻找具有概括性的、包含主题的选项。

(29)When highly gifted students in any domain talk about what was important to the development of their abilities, they are far more likely to mention their families than their schools or teachers. (far more likely既是强调,又是比较级,为重要考点。这一句为本段主题句,阐述天才学生自己认为的成功的原因,其后举例说明,是潜在的因果关系考点。)A writing prodigy(神童) studied by David Feldman and Lynn Goldsmith was taught far more about writing by his journalist father than his English teacher. High-IQ children in Australia studied by Miraca Gross had much more positive feelings about their families than their schools. About half of the mathematicians studied by Benjamin Bloom had little good to say about school. They all did well in school and took honors classes when available, and some skipped grades.
29.Many gifted people attributed their success _________.
[定位与替换]本题是问许多天才把他们的成功归因于什么?实际上考查了第三段的主题句。该句的意思是:在谈到什么因素对他们能力的发展比较重要的时候,他们最多提及的是他们的家庭,而不是学校和老师。因此,正确选项必须包含家庭这个重要概念。经观察比较,只有A) mainly to parental help and their education at home (主要来自家庭的父母的帮助和教育)中的at home是family这个概念的同义表达,而且选项中mainly也符合原文中far more likely的语气。
[干扰项分析] B) both to school instruction and to their parents’ coaching 既归因于学校教学又归因于父母的教导,与第一句信息不符;C) more to their parents’ encouragement than to school training 更多地归因于父母的鼓励,而不是学校的训练,文中无内容支持encouragement;D) less to their systematic education than to their talent 比较少地归因于系统的教育,更多地归因于他们的天赋,文中无信息支持。

【重点单词】
fit n. ①适合,适当,合身②发作,痉挛 a. ①合适的,适当的②健康的,健壮的
vt. ①使适合,使适应,合…的身②安装,安放 vi. ①适合,合身②符合,适应(in with)
gifted a. 有天才的
distinction n. ①区别,差别,特性②声望,显赫③荣誉,勋章
[真题]We should make a clear _______ between the two scientific terms for the purpose of our discussion.
A) separation B) discrimination C) deviation D) distinction [CET-6:1999,6]
[译文]为便于讨论,我们应明确区分这两个科学术语。
arrogant a. 傲慢的,自大的
scholastic a. ①学校的,学校教育的②道学的,学究的 n. 经院学者
fare n. ①(车、船、飞机等)费用②乘客,旅客③饮食物 vi. ①饮食②过日子,生活③[主语it]进展
[真题]Urban crowdedness would be greatly relieved if only the ______ charged on public transport were more reasonable.
A) fees B) fares C) payments D) costs [CET-4:2003,1]
[译文]只要公共交通收费更合理,城市拥挤问题便可大大缓解。
stubborn a. ①顽固的,顽强的,倔强的②难对付的,难克服的
domain n. ①(活动、学问等的)领域,范围②领地,势力范围
skip v. ①跳,蹦②跳过,略过,漏过③跳绳④跳槽,改行 n. 跳跃,轻跳

【必背搭配】
形容词与名词搭配:
positive feelings 认同感
动词与介词搭配:
account for 解释,说明
attend to 专心于,注意,照顾,办理
动词与名词搭配:
achieve distinction 拥有声望,声名显赫
skip grades 跳级

Passage Three

① When we worry about who might be spying on our private lives, we usually think about the Federal agents. (31) But the private sector outdoes the government every time. It’s Linda Tripp, not the FBI, who is facing charges under Maryland’s laws against secret telephone taping. It’s our banks, not the Internal Revenue Service (IRS), that pass our private financial data to telemarketing firms.(we usually think about引出大众观点,But语意转折,引出作者观点,显然与大众观点不一样,这是一个重要的对比考点。the Federal agents与the government为相关词汇。两个It’s引导的句子举例说明作者观点。banks是对private sector的具体阐述。)
31.Contrary to popular belief, the author finds that spying on people’s privacy .
[替换与定位]本题问与一般人想法不同作者观点。根据题干关键词spying on people’s privacy定位到原文第一段第一句,popular belief = we usually think。第一、二句的大意为:当我们担心谁会刺探人们的隐私时,通常会认为是联邦密探。但每一次都是私营部门胜过了政府。接着,作者举例说某个公司正在面对电话窃听的控告,银行把顾客的私人的金融信息透露给电话营销公司。我们可以推断,刺探私人隐私的不是政府,而是主要集中在商业领域,所以选D) is more prevalent in business circles在商业界更加流行。Business circle 是对原文中banks / telemarketing firms等的概括性替换。
[干扰项分析] A) is mainly carried out by means of secret taping主要通过秘密窃听的手段来实现,mainly太绝对,对原文或者选项中出现的修饰性副词或形容词要高度关注,必须看原文中是否体现;B) has been intensified with the help of the IRS在IRS的帮助下得到了加强,以及C) is practiced exclusively by the FBI只由FBI实行,这两个选项都与作者观点相反,FBI / IRS属于政府部门。

② Consumer activists are pressing Congress for better privacy laws without much result so far. (32) The legislators lean toward letting business people track our financial habits virtually at will.(our = consumers’ , 注意,凡是文章出现和人、组织等相关的概念,都应作标记。)
32.We know from the passage that .
[替换与定位]本题问我们从文中可以知道什么?必须对每个选项进行仔细推敲,否则难以进行准确定位。选项A和D都与立法议员有关,但D中law-maker是第二段第二句出现的legislators的替换词,它更有可能是答案(和26题类似)。第二段的大意为:消费者的积极分子正在推动国会通过更好的隐私保护法,但到目前为止没什么结果。立法议员们倾向于让商人几乎是随意地追踪我们(消费者)的消费习惯。因此,最后选定与此意思相一致的D) law-makers are inclined to give a free hand to businesses to inquire into customer’s buying habits立法议员们倾向让企业自由调查消费者的购买习惯。其中are inclined to = lean toward,inquire into customer’s buying habits = track our financial habits, give a free hand = virtually at will。
[干扰项分析] A) legislators are acting to pass a law to provide better privacy protection立法议员正在采取行动通过一项提供更好的隐私保护的法律,与文中内容相反;B) most states are turning a blind eye to the deceptive practices of private businesses大部分州对私营企业欺骗性的做法熟视无睹,过于夸张、绝对;C) the state of Minnesota is considering drawing up laws to private information明尼苏达州正在考虑制定法律保护私人信息,文中没有提到。

③ As an example of what’s going on,(举例标志句型)consider U.S. Bancorp, which was recently sued for deceptive practices by the state of Minnesota. According to the lawsuit, the bank supplied a telemarketer called MemberWorks with sensitive customer data such as names, phone numbers, bank-account and credit-card numbers, Social Security numbers, account balances and credit limits.
④ With these customer lists in hand, MemberWorks started dialing for dollars-selling dental plans, videogames, computer software and other products and services. Customers who accepted a “free trial offer” had 30 days to cancel. (33) If the deadline passed, they were charged automatically through their bank or credit-card accounts. ( the deadline是指free trial的最后期限。they = customers ) U.S. Bancorp collected a share of the revenues.
33. When the “free trial” deadline is over, you’ll be charged without notice for a product or service if .
[替换与定位]本题是问:免费试用期结束之后,发生什么样的情况你将会在没有通知时因某项产品或服务被收费?根据关键词free trial定位到第四段第二、三句,大意为:接受免费试用服务的顾客有30天的时间可以取消它。如果最后期限过了,就会通过银行或信用卡帐户自动对顾客收费。也就是说,顾客如果在指定期限内不取消服务,就会被自动扣费。显然应该选 A) you fail to cancel it within the specified period你没有在指定期限内取消服务。题干中without notice = automatically; the specified period = 30 days。
[干扰项分析] B) you happen to reveal your credit card number你偶然暴露了你的信用卡号码;C) you find the product or service unsatisfactory你觉得产品或服务不能令人满意;D) you fail to apply for extension of the deadline你没有能够申请延长最后期限;这三个选项都是拼凑了原文中的词汇来进行干扰,与文中信息不符。

⑤ Customers were doubly deceived, the lawsuit claims.(诉讼内容)They didn’t know that the bank was giving account numbers to MemberWorks. And if customers asked, they were led to think the answer was no.
⑥ The state sued MemberWorks separately for deceptive selling.(诉讼内容)The company denies that it did anything wrong. For its part, U.S. Bancorp settled without admitting any mistakes.(两家公司都不承认做错了什么。由于没有法律保护消费者,他们才会肆无忌惮。)But it agreed to stop exposing its customers to nonfinancial products sold by outside firms. ( it = U.S. Bancorp ) A few top banks decided to do the same. Many other banks will still do business with MemberWorks and similar firms.
⑦ And banks will still be mining data from your account in order to sell you financial products, including things of little value, such as credit insurance and credit-card protection plans.(第三到第七段为举例详细说明顾客是如何被侵犯隐私的,如此多的细节内容一般会涉及多个考题。)
⑧ (34) You have almost no protection from businesses that use your personal accounts for profit. ( protection 是指法律上的保护,you指消费者) For example, no federal law shields “transaction and experience” information-mainly the details of your bank and credit-card accounts. Social Security numbers are for sale by private firms. They’ve generally agreed not to sell to the public. (They = private firms) But to businesses, the numbers are an open book. ( the numbers = Social Security numbers社会保险号码) Self-regulation doesn’t work. A firm might publish a privacy-protection policy, but who enforces it?
34. Businesses do not regard information concerning personal bank accounts as private because .
[替换与定位]本题是问企业不把个人银行帐户的信息看作是私人信息的原因是什么?根据关键词Businesses / personal bank accounts定位到文章倒数第二段,其大意为:企业利用你的个人帐户获利,你却几乎无法得到保护。比如说,没有哪一部联邦法律保护 (shields)“交易往来”信息——主要是你的银行和信用卡帐户的细节。私人公司还出售社会保险号码,它们一般会同意不向公众出售。但对于企业来说,这些号码是公开的信息。(也就是说可以向企业销售)行业自律是不起作用的,一家公司也许会发布隐私保护政策,但是谁去实施它呢?另外,再根据第六段内容The company denies that it did anything wrong. For its part, U.S. Bancorp settled without admitting any mistakes. 综合判断,应该选B) it is considered “transaction and experience ” information unprotected by law这些信息被(企业)认为是不被法律保护的“交易往来”信息。
[干扰项分析] A) its revelation do no harm to consumers under the current protection policy,信息泄露在现今保护政策下对消费者无害,与原文相反,因为消费者已经受到伤害;C) it has always been considered an open secret by the general public这些信息始终被一般公众认为是公开的秘密,文中无信息支持,从常识上来说,公众也不可能认为自己的个人帐户信息是公开的秘密;D) its sale can be brought under control through self-regulation这些信息的出售通过自律能够得到控制,与原文信息Self-regulation doesn’t work不符。

⑨ Take U.S. Bancorp again. Customers were told, in writing, that “all personal information you supply to us will be considered confidential.” Then it sold your data to MemberWorks. The bank even claims that doesn’t “sell” your data at all. It merely “shares”it and reaps a profit. Now you know.(结尾段再次举U.S. Bancorp的例子,提醒消费者。)
35. We can infer from the passage that .
[替换与定位]本题要求对文章进行推断,考查对全文进行综合概括的能力。文章谈到现行法律对消费者没什么保护,当然消费者的利益会被继续侵犯,所以选 C) consumers’ privacy will continue to be invaded消费者的隐私将继续被侵犯。本题与34题相关。
[干扰项分析] A) banks will have to change their ways of doing business银行将不得不改变做生意的方式,原文指出现行法律并不保护消费者的某些交易信息,立法议员也对企业放任自流,所以银行并不会如A所言;B) privacy protection laws will soon be enforced隐私保护法将很快被执行,与文章最后一句矛盾;D) “free trial” practice will eventually be banned“免费试用”最终将会被禁止,文中无信息支持。

【重点单词】
agent n. ①代理人,代理商,经纪人②政府特工人员,政府代表③动因,能因④剂
outdo vt. 胜过,超越
charge n. ①价钱,费用②主管,掌管③指控④电荷,充电
vt. ①索(价),收(费)②控告,指控③使充电,使装满 vi. ①索价,收费②进攻,冲锋
[真题]This hotel ______ $60 for a single room with bath.
A) claims B) demands C) prices D) charges [CET-4:1995,6]
[译文]带卫生间的单人房,这家旅馆收费60美元。
legislator n. 立法者
track n. ①路径,小道②跑道,径赛③轨道④轨迹,车辙,踪迹 vt. 追踪,跟踪
deceptive a. 欺骗性的
lawsuit n. 诉讼
credit n. ①信任,信用②信贷,赊欠③信誉,荣誉,声望④学分
vt. ①相信,信任②把…归于(to)③把…记入贷方
[真题]His lectures on Roman history would do credit ______ a real expert.
A) in B) to C) of D) with [CET-6:1993,1]
[译文]他关于罗马史的讲座将使他成为一位真正的专家。
deadline n. 最后期限,截止日期
account n. ①记述,描述,报告②账,账户③解释,说明 vi. (for)①说明…的原因②(在数量、比例上)占…
[真题] _________ should any money be given to a small child.
A) On no account B) From all accounts C) Of no account D) By all accounts [CET-6:1991,6]
[译文]绝对不能把钱给一个小孩。
revenue n. ①(尤指大宗的')收入,收益②(政府的)税收,岁入
[真题]The Town Planning Commission said that their financial out-look for the next year was optimistic. They expect increased tax ________.
A) efficiency B) revenues C) privileges D) validity [CET-6:1999,1]
[译文]城市计划委员会说他们对下一年度的财政前景甚为乐观,他们期望税收岁入增加。
insurance n. 保险,保险费
[真题]After the robbery, the shop installed a sophisticated alarm system as an insurance ______ further losses.
A) for B) from C) against D) towards [CET-4:1996,6]
[译文]遭劫之后,这家商店安装了精密复杂的报警系统以防再有损失。
transaction n. 交易,业务
[真题]My boss has always attended to the _______ of important business himself.
A) transaction B) stimulation C) transition D) solution [CET-6:1995,6]
[译文]我的老板总是亲自处理重要业务。
enforce vt. ①实施,执行②强迫,迫使
shield n. 防护物, 护罩, 盾;vt. (from) 保护, 防护
confidential a. ①秘密的,机密的②表示信任(或亲密)的,担任机密工作的
[真题]For a particular reason, he wanted the information to be treated as _________.
A) assured B) reserved C) intimate D) confidential [CET-6:2001,6]
[译文]出于某一特殊原因,他希望将此消息保密。
reap vt. ①收割,收获②获得,得到

【必背搭配】
动词与介词搭配:
spy on 暗中监视,窥探
be sued for / sue sb. for (被)指控
press (sb.) for 为…向(某人)施加压力
lean toward 倾向于
动词与名词搭配:
reap a profit 获得利润
mine data 采集资料(数据)
名词与介词搭配:
law against 针对…的法律
protection from 来自于…的保护
形容词与名词搭配
private sectors 私营部门
deceptive practices 欺骗性的做法
介词与名词搭配:
at will 随心所欲地
in hand 在手
for sale 待售

Passage Four

It’s hardily news that the immigration system is a mess.(揭示主题)Foreign nationals have long been slipping across the border with fake papers, and visitors who arrive in the U.S. legitimately often overstay their legal welcome without being punished.(36)But since Sept. 11, it’s become clear that terrorists have been shrewdly factoring the weaknesses of our system into their plans.(38)In addition to their mastery of forging passports , at least three of the 19 Sept. 11 hijackers (劫机者) were here on expired visas. That’s been a safe bet until now. ( That = be here on expired visas ) The Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) (移民归化局) lacks the resources, and apparently the inclination, to keep track of the estimated 2 million foreigners who have intentionally overstayed their welcome.(第一段讲了整个美国的移民体系一团糟, 外国人(包括恐怖分子)持假证件非法入境, 签证过期非法居留等。作者批评了INS工作不力。)
36. Terrorists have obviously taken advantage of .
[替换与定位]本题问恐怖分子明显地利用了什么?第一段第三句开始部分告诉我们,很明显911恐怖分子得逞是因为他们利用了美国移民体系的弱点(weaknesses),如:forging passports(伪造护照), 过期签证等。迄今这一直是一场安全的赌博。美国移民归化局缺乏相关资源,并且也不愿意去追踪大约200万故意超过居留期的外国人(其中就有恐怖分子)。但是,这种对移民欺诈行为的懈怠、马虎态度可能会改变(第二段第一句)。从以上可以看出,恐怖分子得逞首先应归咎于美国的整个移民体系,INS这个机构办事不力,缺乏效率。所以应该选D) the low efficiency of the Immigration and Naturalization Service移民归化局的低效率。
[干扰项分析] A) the legal privileges granted to foreigners给予外国人的法律特权,以及B) the excessive hospitality of the American people美国人民的过分好客,这两项文中都无信息支持。C) the irresponsibility of the officials at border checkpoints边境检查站官员的不负责任,文章最后虽然讲了美国要加强边境安全以防恐怖分子袭击,但并未提到恐怖分子是利用边境检查站官员的不负责任而混入美国的,所以C错。
38. It can be inferred from the passage that before Sept. 11, aliens with expired visas .
[定位与替换] 本题问从文章可推断在911之前持有过期签证的外国人会怎么样?根据关键词Sept. 11 / expired visas,定位到第一段。第一段第二句visitors who arrive in the U.S. legitimately often overstay their legal welcome without being punished. 那些合法来到美国的游客经常超出了他们的合法居留期而不被惩罚,同时注意at least three of the 19 Sept . 11 hijackers were here on expired visas中用的是过去时态were, 说明在911之前这几个劫机者持的是过期签证。最后一句也提到差不多有200万外国人这样做,这些签证到期的外国人可以随意在美国停留,因为没有人来找他们麻烦。因此选C) might stay on for as long as they wished 可以想呆多久就呆多久。
[干扰项分析] A) might have them extended without trouble可以轻而易举地延长签证,其中them是指visas;B) would be closely watched by FBI agents将会被FBI的特工密切监视;D) would live in constant fear of deportation将会一直生活在可能会被驱逐的恐惧中;这三个干扰项文中都无信息支持。

But this laxness(马虎)toward immigration fraud may be about to change.(主题句后面详细阐述如何change。)Congress has already taken some modest steps. The U.S.A. Patriot Act, passed in the wake of the Sept. 11 tragedy, requires the FBI, the Justice Department, the State Department and the INS to share more data, which will make it easier to stop watch-listed terrorists at the border.(第二句主干The U.S.A Patriot Act requires the FBI … to share more data. 第二段大意是讲国会已经通过立法,要求有关部门合作将恐怖分子拒之门外。)
37. We learn from the passage that coordinated efforts will be made by various U.S. government agencies to .
[替换与定位]本题问美国的不同政府机构将会作出什么样的协调努力?本文定位不大容易,要求能识别the FBI, the Justice Department , the State Department and the INS = various U.S. government agencies,具有一定的概括能力。第二段的意思是:这种对移民欺诈行为的懈怠状态可能会有所改变,国会已经采取了一些适当措施,紧随着911惨剧之后通过的《美国爱国者法案》要求联邦调查局、司法部、国务院和移民归化局共享更多的资料,这将使在边境就阻止列入名单的恐怖分子变得更加容易。所以应该选B) ward off terrorist suspects at the border,是原文stop watch-listed terrorists at the border的同义替换。注意:非限制性定语从句后面经常包含重要解题信息。
[干扰项分析] A) refuse the renewing of expired visas拒绝更新过期的签证;C) prevent the forgery of immigration papers避免伪造移民文件;D) limit the number of immigrants to the U.S. 限制来美国的移民数量。三个干扰项在文中都无信息支持。

But what’s really needed, critics say, is even tougher laws and more resources aimed at tightening up border security.(本段讨论中心)Reformers are calling for a rollback of rules that hinder law enforcement. They also want the INS to hire hundreds more border patrol agents and investigators to keep illegal immigrant out and to track them down once they’re here. Reformers also want to see the INS set up a database to monitor whether visa holders actually leave the country when they are required to.
All these proposed changes were part of a new border-security bill that passed the House of Representatives but died in the Senate last week.(proposed changes指代上文中critics和reformer所要求的各种措施。)(40) Before Sept. 11, legislation of this kind had been blocked by two powerful lobbies: universities, which rely on tuition form foreign students who could be kept out by the new law, and business, which relies on foreigners for cheap labor. Since the attacks, they’ve backed off. The bill would have passed this time but for congressional maneuverings and is expected to be reintroduced and to pass next year.
40. Before Sept. 11, the U.S. Congress had been unable to pass stricter immigration laws because ________.
[定位与替换]本题是问911之前美国国会未能通过更严格的移民法律的原因。根据关键词Before Sept. 11定位到原文第四段,legislation of this kind had been blocked = had been unable to pass stricter immigration laws。第二句的大意是:在911之前,这类立法被两大院外活动集团所阻止:大学(依靠外国留学生的学费)和企业(依靠外国廉价劳工),新法律将会将外国留学生和廉价劳工拒之门外。所以本题选A) they might have kept away foreign students and cheap labor它们可能将外国学生和廉价劳工拒之门外。
[干扰项分析] B) it was difficult to coordinate the efforts of the congressmen很难协调国会议员的行动,无信息支持;C) education and business circles cared little about national security教育界和商界对国家安全不怎么关心,文中并没有说教育界和商界有这样的观点,曲解原文;D) resources were not available for their enforcement 没有资源(或财力)来实行,文中无信息支持。

Also on the agenda for next year: a proposal, backed by some influential law-makers, to split the INS into two agencies — a good cop that would tend to service functions like processing citizenship papers and a bad cop that would concentrate on border inspections, deportation and other functions. One reason for the division,( the division = split ) supporters say, is that the INS has in recent years become too focused on serving tourists and immigrants. After the Sept. 11 tragedy, the INS should pay more attention to serving the millions of ordinary Americans who rely on the nation’s border security to protect them from terrorist attacks. (第二段讲国会已经通过立法,要求一些部门合作来将恐怖分子拒之门外。本文语篇关键词immigration,border,INS,语篇模式为提出问题,解决问题,第二段到第五段为各种提出来的解决方案。)
39. It is believed by many that all these years the INS _________.
[定位与替换]本题询问许多人这些年来对INS的看法。文章最后一段主要围绕INS进行阐述,大意是:有建议要将INS分成两个机构,一个负责处理公民身份文件,另一个负责边境检查、驱逐出境等。支持将INS分开的人认为(也就是题干里很多人的观点),INS太过于注重为游客和移民服务了。911之后INS应该把更多的注意力放在为千百万普通美国民众服务,他们有赖于国家的边境安全来免遭恐怖分子的袭击。总而言之,要重视国家安全。所以,应该选整合了最后一段最后两句意思的C) has over-emphasized its service functions at the expense of the nation’s security过分强调了服务功能而以国家安全为代价。too focused on = over-emphasized。
[干扰项分析] A) has been serving two contradictory functions一直在履行两个互相矛盾的职责,和文中内容不符;B) has been too liberal in granting visas to tourists and immigrants indiscriminately在向游客和移民发放签证时不加区别、太过宽松,曲解原文,文中只是说过分注重为游客和移民服务而已;D) has ignored the pleas of the two powerful lobbies忽视了两大院外活动集团的呼吁,与文中内容不符,只是利用two powerful lobbies 的信息来进行干扰。

【重点单词】
mess n. 混乱状态,脏乱状态,混乱局面,困境 vt. 搞乱,弄糟,弄脏
paper n. ①纸②报纸③[pl.]文件④论文⑤书面作业,试卷 a. 纸质的 vt. 裱糊
shrewdly adv. 机灵地,敏锐地,精明地
factor n. ①因素,要素②因子,因数 vt. ①包括,把…计算在内②对…作因式分解,分解…的因子
forge vt. ①伪造(货币、文件等),假冒②锻造,锤炼
expire vi. ①期满,(期限)终止②断气,死亡
[真题]Mike just discovered that his passport had _______ three months ago.
A) abolished B) expired C) amended D) constrained [CET-6:1999,6]
[译文]Mike刚发现他的护照三个月前就已到期了。
visa n. 签证
inclination n. ①倾斜,倾角②倾向,爱好
fraud n. ①欺诈,诈骗②骗子
critic n. 批评家,评论家
hinder vt. 阻碍,妨碍
[真题]His career was not noticeably _______ by the fact that he had never been to college.
A) prevented B) restrained C) hindered D) refrained [CET-6:1998,1]
[译文]他的事业并未因他从未上过大学而受到明显妨碍。
immigrant n. 移民,侨民
monitor vt. 监听,监视,监测 n. ①监听器,监视器,监测器②(计算机)显示器③(学校的)班长
[真题]While you pedal away on the exercise bicycle, a machine will be ______ your breathing and pulse.
A) reviewing B) screening C) surveying D) monitoring [CET-6:1990,6]
[译文]当你脚踏健身车前进时,一个机器会监测你的呼吸和脉搏。
block n. ①一排房屋,大楼②街区③大块(木料、冰等)④障碍(物),堵塞(物) vt. ①堵塞②阻碍,妨碍
lobby n. ①(宾馆、剧院等的)大厅,休息室②院外活动集团 v. 向(议员等)进行游说
tuition n. ①学费②(某一学科的)教学,讲授,指导
agenda n. 议事日程
split vi. 分裂,分离,裂开 vt. ①使分裂②劈开,撕裂③分担,分享 n. 分裂,裂口
process n. ①过程,进程②工序③法律程序 vt. 加工,处理,办理

【必背搭配】
动词与名词搭配:
overstay one’s welcome 滞留超过时限,逾期滞留
expired visa 过期签证
keep track of 对…进行跟踪
enforce the law 执行法律
tighten up security 加强安全
动词与副词搭配
track sb. down 追捕到某人
形容词与名词搭配:
tougher laws 更严厉的法律
ordinary Americans 普通美国人
modest steps 适度的措施
介词与名词搭配:
in the wake of 紧跟在…的后面,尾随,仿效
on the agenda 在议事日程上
动词与介词搭配:
be backed by 由…资助
副词与动词搭配:
shrewdly factor 精心、巧妙地利用


Part Ⅲ Vocabulary

41. It is generally known that New York is a city for and a center for odd bits of information.
[解析] 本题考查根据语意线索答题的能力。And表示前后语意一致,odd是线索词,表示“奇怪,怪异”,可推测空格处所填的也会是个贬义词,只有D符合。D) eccentrics n. 行为古怪的人;A) veterans n. 老手, 富有经验的人, 退伍军人 veteran a. 经验丰富的 a veteran actor 资深演员;B) victims n. 受害人, 牺牲者, 牺牲品 become the victim of / fall a victim to成为…的牺牲品;C) pedestrians行人, 步行者。
[译文] 众所周知,纽约是个怪人云集的城市,是奇谈怪论的中心。

42. High grades are supposed to academic ability, but John’s actual performance did not confirm this.
[解析] 本题考查动宾搭配certify academic ability。-fy结尾的单词在六级中很重要。空格处所填的动词和academic ability搭配,根据语意,应该填A) certify 证明, 保证。B) clarify 澄清, 阐明 (反义:obscure );C) classify分类, 归类 classify as将…分类为 classified ads分类广告;D) notify通报,正式通知 notify sb. of sth. 通知某人某事。
[译文] 高分被认为是学术能力的保证,但约翰的实际表现不能证明这一点。

43. In spite of the , it seemed that many of the invited guests would still show up.
[解析] 本题考查学生根据语意线索答题的能力。still是一个重要的语意暗示词,暗示由于某种原因,有的被邀请的客人可能不出席,也就是说对是否出席存在争论,故选C) controversy 争论,辩论 controversy over sth.对某事的争论。A) deviation 偏离, 背离 deviate from偏离, 背离;B) distinction 区别, 差别, 声望, 显赫 gain / achieve distinction出名;D) comparison比较, 对照, 比喻 by comparison比较起来 draw a comparison between把…加以比较。
[译文] 尽管存在争论,但是看来很多被邀请的客人仍然会出席。

44. The relatives of those killed in the crash got together to seek .
[解析] 本题考查根据语意线索答题的能力和动宾搭配seek compensation。根据语意,只能选B) compensation n. 补偿, 赔偿 make compensation for one’s losses补偿某人的损失 compensate for补偿。A) premium n.额外费用, 奖金, 奖赏, 保险费;C) repayment n. 偿还的款项, 报答;D) refund n./v. 归还, 偿还额, 退款 refund one’s money退某人的钱。
[译文] 这次空难遇难者的亲属聚集在一起寻求赔偿。

45. At first everything went well with the project but recently we have had a number of with the machinery.
[解析] 本题考查根据语意线索答题的能力。 But是线索词,表示前后语意相反,前面是everything went well, 那么后面肯定是不顺利,遇到了挫折。故选B) setback n. 挫折, 挫败 suffer setbacks遭到挫折。A) disturbance n. 骚动, 动乱, 打扰, 干扰;从与machinery搭配的语意看,这个选项也有道理,但从全句的语意看,选项B更为准确;C) output n. 产量, 输出 average output平均产量;D) distortion n. 扭曲, 变形, 曲解 distorted a. 扭曲的 distort one’s opinion歪曲某人的观点。
[译文] 一开始工程进展顺利,但最近我们在机械方面遇到了许多挫折。

46. He tried to hide his patch by sweeping his hair over to one side.
[解析] 本题考查形容词辨析。空格处所填的词和patch(片,部分,斑点)搭配,再根据hair这个线索词,可以确定这里应填C) bald 光秃的,秃顶的,秃头的。A) barren 不生育的, 不孕的, 贫瘠的(土地);B) bare 赤裸的, 无遮蔽的(arms /feet);D) bleak 寒冷的, 阴冷的, 没有指望的, 令人沮丧的 a bleak prospect黯淡的前景。
[译文] 他把头发梳向一边,试图遮住秃顶部分。

47. The old couple now still for their beloved son, 30years after his death.
[解析] 本题考查动词和介词搭配的短语。death为线索词,空格处的动词必定和death相关,故选最符合语意的D) mourn (for) 哀悼, 忧伤。A) cherish珍爱, 爱惜, 怀有(感情) cherish fancies about对…抱有幻想 cherish a memory怀念一段记忆; B) groan呻吟, 叹息, 受折磨 groaned under 受…的折磨; C) immerse沉浸, 使陷入 be immersed in沉浸于,沉溺于。
[译文] 这对老夫妇30年后仍然在为死去的亲爱的儿子哀悼。

48. Coffee is the of this district and brings local farmers a lot of money.
[解析] 本题考查名词辨析。线索词coffee,答案为B) staple主要产品, 常用品, 主食, 原材料, 主要成分。A) majority多数, 大半 the overwhelming majority绝大多数;C) spice香料, 调味品, 趣味;D) elite精华,精锐,精英。
[译文] 咖啡是这个地区的主要产品,给当地农民带来了很大收益。

49. Before we move, we should some of the old furniture, so that we can have more room in the new house.
[解析] 本题考查动宾搭配。空格处所填词和furniture搭配,所以选A) discard丢弃, 抛弃 discard old beliefs 抛弃旧的观念。B) dissipate驱散, (使)(云、疑虑等)消散, 浪费(金钱或时间) dissipate one’s efforts浪费精力;C) cancel取消, 删去, 作废 cancel one’s order取消订单;D) conceal隐藏, 隐蔽, 隐瞒 conceal from sb.对(某人)隐瞒 a concealed opponent一个隐藏的对手。
[译文] 搬家前我们应该丢掉一些旧家具,这样我们的新房子就会有较多的空间。

50. You cannot imagine how I feel with my duties sometimes.
[解析]本题考查形容词辨析。答案为C) overwhelmed被淹没的,受打击的,被压倒的,对思想或情绪影响深刻的。A) overflowed溢出的,泛滥的,充满的;B) overthrown被打倒的,推翻的,颠覆的;D) overturned倾覆的,破灭的。
[译文] 你无法想象有时候我的职责对我的情绪影响有多大。

51 Anyone not paying the registration fee by the end of this month will be to have withdrawn from the program.
[解析] 本题考查动词辨析。线索词anyone,答案为B。各选项中的动词:B) deem认为, 判断, 以为 be deemed to被认为 deem highly of sth. 对某事高度评价;A) contemplate凝视, 沉思, 预期;C) acknowledge承认, 答谢, 公认 acknowledge as认为…是 It is universally acknowledged that … 人们普遍认为;D) anticipate预期, 期望, 预见 It is anticipated that … 据预计。
[译文] 任何人在月底前没有交纳注册费都将被视为从该计划中退出。

52. Although he was on a diet, the delicious food him enormously.
[解析] 本题考查根据语意线索答题的能力。空格处所填动词和food搭配,所以选D) tempt vt. 诱惑, 引诱, 吸引 tempt sb. into doing sth. 诱惑某人做某事。A) distract vt. 打扰,使…注意力转移,使分心(from);B) stimulate vt. 刺激,激励 stimulate the nerve刺激神经;C) inspire vt. 鼓舞, 感动, 激发, 使产生灵感 inspired essay 有灵感而写的文章。
[译文] 尽管他在节食减肥,这道美味仍然深深诱惑着他。

53. The police are trying to what really happened.
[解析]本题考查形近词辨析。几个as 开头的单词构成形近词干扰。所填动词应和what really happened搭配,最适宜的是A) ascertain发现, 查明,确定。B) assert断言, 声称;C) avert转移,避免,防止 avert the outcome避免后果 avert the accident 避免事故;D) ascribe (to) 归因于, 归咎于。
[译文] 警方正在努力查明真相。

54. He said that ending the agreement would the future of small or family-run shops, lead to fewer books being published and increase prices of all but a few bestsellers.
[解析] 本题考查动宾搭配jeopardize the future。空格处所填动词和the future搭配,再根据全句意思,只能选择C) jeopardize危及, 危害 jeopardize relations危及关系。A) venture冒险,投机 I venture to say that ...恕我冒昧地说;B) expose使暴露,使曝光,揭露;D) legalize使合法化 legalized drugs合法药物。
[译文] 他说终止协议将危及小的或家庭经营的商店的将来,导致出版的书更少,除少量畅销书外所有书的价格都将上涨。

55. As we know, computers are used to store and information efficiently.
[解析] 本题考查动宾搭配retrieve information。空格处所填动词应是常和store一起连用的反义词,选D) retrieve 取回,寻回,找回。A) reclaim要求归还, 收回, 回收;B) reconcile使和解, 调和,调停 be reconciled with sb. 与某人和解 reconcile one’s differences调和差异;C) reassure使…安心, 再保证。
[译文] 如我们所知,电脑是用来高效率地存储和调取信息的。

56. His illness first itself as severe stomach pains and headaches.
[解析] 本题考查固定搭配 manifest itself / themselves(疾病,症状等)显露,出现,只有选B。A) express vt. 表达,表示;C) reflect vt. 反映,反射;D) display vt. 陈列, 展览, 显示。
[译文] 他的病的最初症状是严重的胃疼和头疼。

57. The they felt for each other was obvious to everyone who saw them.
[解析] 本题考查短语feel affection for sb. 喜爱某人,对某人有好感,深爱着某人,选A。B) adherence (to) 忠诚,坚持;C) sensibility敏感性,意识,觉察 aesthetic sensibility美感;D) sensitivity敏感,灵敏(度),灵敏性 sensitivity shift灵敏度变化。
[译文] 他们彼此怀有的感情在每个看到他们的人眼里都很明显。

58. When construction can begin depends on how soon the of the route is completed.
[解析] 本题考查根据语意线索答题的能力。所填名词和of the route相关,所以选D) survey测量,调查,勘测 conduct a survey 进行一项调查。A) conviction深信, 确信, 定罪 in the full conviction that … 充分相信;B) identity身份, 一致 the identity of interests利益的一致;C) orientation方向, 方位, 定位, 倾向性。
[译文] 什么时候开始建造取决于道路测量什么时候完成。

59. The government a heavy tax on tobacco, which aroused opposition from the tobacco industry.
[解析] 本题考查根据语意线索答题的能力和动宾搭配impose a heavy tax on。所填动词和tax相关,答案为B。B) impose vt. 征收(税等),把…强加于(与on连用) impose a ban on对…实施禁令;A) pronounce v. 宣告, 断言 pronounce against对…发表反对意见;C) comply vi. 顺从, 答应, 遵守(与with连用);D) prescribe v. 规定,开药方,处方 prescription medicine处方药。
[译文] 政府对烟草征收重税,这引起了烟草行业的反对。

60. Years after the accident he was still by images of death and destruction.
[解析] 本题考查动词辨析。选项C与题意相符:C) haunt v. 时常萦绕,常到,出没 haunted a. 闹鬼的。A) twist v. 扭曲,盘旋,曲折,歪曲;B) dip v. 浸,蘸,沾;D) submerge v. 浸没,淹没。
[译文] 事故发生多年后,他仍然被死亡和毁灭的阴影所萦绕。

61. The boxer and almost fell when his opponent hit him.
[解析] 本题考查根据语意线索答题的能力。符合题意的只有A) stagger(ed) 摇晃,蹒跚。B) shatter(ed) 粉碎,损坏;C) scatter(ed) 分散,散开,驱散;D) stamp(ed) 跺(脚),顿(足)。
[译文] 拳击手被对方击中,摇摇晃晃差点倒下。

62. In mountainous regions, much of the snow that falls is into ice.
[解析] 本题考查根据语意线索答题的能力。所填动词和snow / ice相关,根据题意选D。各选项中的动词:D) compact 压紧,压实;A) disperse (使)分散,(使)散开,传播 disperse the crowd驱散人群 disperse knowledge传播知识;B) embody 表达,包含,体现;C) compile 编译, 编辑, 汇编。
[译文] 在山区,下的雪都被压实成了冰。

63. These continual in temperature make it impossible to decide what to wear.
[解析] 本题考查根据语意线索答题的能力。所填名词和temperature相关,根据本句语意,只能选D) fluctuations 波动, 起伏 economic fluctuation经济波动;A) transitions 转变, 转换, 过渡;B) transformations 变化, 转化(从某物转变成某物) social transformation社会变革;C) exchanges 交换, 调换, 兑换 foreign exchange外币兑换 auto exchange汽车交易。
[译文] 持续的温度波动使人们无法决定穿什么。

64.The post-World War II baby resulted in a 43 percent increase in the number of teenagers in the 1960s and 1970s.
[解析] 本题考查固定搭配用法。baby boom(婴儿潮、出生高峰)为固定搭配,与题意相符,故选B。A) boost 增加,提高,推动 boost the economy推动经济 boost prices提高价格;B) boom 激增,蓬勃发展,隆隆声 booming economy繁荣的经济;C) production 生产, 产品, 产量 auto production汽车产量 automation production自动(化)生产;D) prosperity 繁荣 continuous prosperity持续繁荣。
[译文] 二战后的婴儿出生高峰导致六七十年代青少年数量增加了43%。

65. Elisabeth did not enter the museum at once, but in the courtyard.
[解析] 本题考查根据语意线索答题的能力。 由提议选择C。A) reside (in/at) 居住;B) dwell (in/at) 居住,(on) 详细阐述,老是想着某事;C) linger 逗留, 闲荡, 徘徊;D) delay 耽搁, 延迟, 延期。
[译文] Elisabeth没有马上进入博物馆,而是在院子里闲逛了一会儿。

66. Henry went through the documents again carefully for fear of any important data.
[解析] 本题考查句子推理。根据语意,最符合的是B) overlooking 忽略, 没注意。A) relaying 使接替, 转播;C) deleting 删除;D) revealing 展现, 显示, 揭示。
[译文] Henry再次仔细浏览了一遍文件,害怕忽略了重要信息。

67. The bank is offering a to anyone who can give information about the robbery.
[解析] 本题考查习惯用法。英语中对提供破案信息给予的奖励是用A) reward报酬, 奖金。B) bonus奖金, 红利(工资以外的);C) prize奖赏, 奖金, 奖品(参加比赛等);D) compliment称赞, 恭维, 致意 pay compliments to sb. 向某人致意。
[译文] 银行将对提供抢劫案信息的任何人给予奖励。

68. It is a(n) that the French eat so much rich food and yet have a relatively low rate of heart disease.
[解析] 本题考查句型It is paradox that … 。根据语意,选B) paradox似是而非, 自相矛盾,悖论。A) analogy类似, 类推, 类比 draw an analogy作一个类比;C) correlation相互关系, 相关(性);D) illusion 幻想,幻觉 be under illusion存在幻想。
[译文] 法国人吃那么多高脂肪的食物,心脏病发病率却比较低,这真是一个矛盾的现象。

69.For many years the Japanese have the car market.
[解析] 本题考查动宾搭配。所填动词和the car market搭配,所以选D。D) dominate 支配, 占优势, 统治;A) preside (over) 主持;B) occupy占用, 占领, 占据(尽管occupy也可以和the car market搭配,但这一句是强调日本汽车占市场的主导地位,选dominate更好);C) operate操作, 运转。
[译文] 多年来,日本一直在汽车市场占据统治地位。

70. The subject of safety must be placed at the top of the .
[解析] 本题考查固定搭配:on / at the top of the agenda在议程的首要位置,故应选A。A) agenda议事日程,会议事项;B) bulletin公告,报告;C) routine例行公事,常规,日常事务 daily routine日常常规;D) timetable 时间表。
[译文] 安全话题必须放在议程的首要位置。


Part IV Error Correction

Culture refers to the social heritage of a people — the learned patterns for thinking, feeling and acting that characterize a population or society, (S1)include the expression of these patterns in material things. Culture is (S2)compose of nonmaterial culture — abstract creations like values, beliefs, customs and institutional arrangements — and material culture — physical (S3)object like cooking pots, computers and bathtubs. In sum, culture reflects both the ideas we share (S4)or everything we make. In ordinary speech, a person of culture is the individual (S5)∧can speak another language — the person who is (S6)unfamiliar with the arts, music, literature, philosophy, or history. But to sociologists, to be human is to be cultured, (S7)because of culture is the common world of experience we share with other members of our group.
Culture is (S8)essentially to our humanness. It provides a kind of map for relating to others. Consider how you fret your way about social life. How do you know how to act in a classroom, or a department store, or toward a person who smiles or (S9)laugh at you? Your culture supplies you (S10)by broad, standardized, ready-made answers for dealing with each of these situations. Therefore, if we know a person’s culture, we can understand and even predict a good deal of his behavior.

[题解]
S1. include → including(动词用法错误,include不是与前面的characterize并列作定语从句的谓语,而应该是以现在分词形式引导伴随状语从句)
S2. compose → composed(动词用法错误,be composed of 是一固定搭配短语,意为“由…组成”)
S3. object → objects(名词单复数错误,因对其作进一步说明的like后面跟的是三个复数名词,故object应该用复数形式)
S4. or → and(连接词搭配错误,both … and … / either … or …,根据句意这里应该用both … and …)
S5. ∧ → who(句子结构错误,该句的主干部分为a person of culture is the individual,根据上下文意思,后面部分can speak another language为修饰individual的定语从句,缺少了引导词,应该加上who)
S6. unfamiliar → familiar(上下文逻辑错误,“文化人”应该是“熟悉艺术、音乐、文学、哲学及历史的人”)
S7. because of → because(词汇用法错误,复合介词because of 后只能跟名词结构,后面是从句只能用连接词because引导,所以应去掉of )
S8. essentially → essential(副词用法错误,essentially不能作表语,应该改用形容词essential)
S9. laugh → laughs(动词第三人称单复数错误,动词laugh要与其主语的人称和数保持一致,其主语是关系代词who,而who指代的是a person,所以应该改用第三人称单数laughs)
S10. by → with(动词和介词搭配错误,supply sb. with sth.是固定搭配短语,意为“向某人提供某物”)

[解析]
第一段第一句的主干是Culture refers to the social heritage of a people。破折号后的内容是对the social heritage的进一步解释说明,其中that引导定语从句修饰the learned patterns of … acting,including…为现在分词引导伴随状语从句。本段第二句的主干是Culture is composed of nonmaterial culture and material culture。破折号后的abstract creations 和physical objects平行,分别修饰前面的nonmaterial culture和material culture。In sum, … 为作者作的初步总结。In ordinary speech, … 和 But to sociologists, … 为两个对比句。
第二段中these situations指代Consider … / How do you know…这两句中的内容。

[译文]
文化是指一个民族的社会传统,也就是人们所习得的思考、感知和行为模式,它们构成了一个群体或社会的特点,包括这些模式在物质事物方面的表现。文化由非物质文化(抽象的创造物,如:价值观、信仰、风俗和制度上的安排)和物质文化(有形的物体,如:烹调用锅、计算机和浴缸)组成。总而言之, 文化既反映了我们共有的观念也反映了我们创造的每一件事物。一般说来,有文化的人是指这个人能够说另外一门语言,熟悉艺术、音乐、文学、哲学或历史。但对社会学家而言,要成为人就要有教养,因为文化是我们与我们所处群体的其它成员分享的共同体验。
文化对我们的人性来说是必不可少的,它提供了一种与他人联系的图式。不妨考虑一下你是如何为你的社会生活方式而烦恼的,你是如何知道在教室里,在百货商店里,或者面对着一个对你微笑或者取笑你的人时,你应该有怎样的行为举止?你的文化为你提供了处理每一种此类状况的主要的、标准化的、现成的答案。因此,如果我们了解一个人的文化,我们就能理解甚至预测他的很多行为。

Part V Writing

[范文]
A Letter to the Editor of a Newspaper

June 19, 2004
Dear Editor,
I am a junior in Peking University and a regular reader of your prestigious newspaper. I am writing to confide to you my unpleasant experience because I take you as my friend. Last Sunday, I went to the XXX Foreign Bookstore for the latest version of an English-Chinese Dictionary. On my way home, I was filled with joy because this dictionary is the type I have been longing for years. However, when I was back home browsing through the dictionary, I was astonished to find lots of pages were stained and missing. And I found some entries are mistakenly defined. I rushed back to the store and found the manager to complain about the quality problems and asked him to refund my money. But he gave me the cold shoulder, arguing that this was not their fault and the publisher was to blame.
Over the past week, I have been pondering what happened and decided to write you a letter. I am writing this letter not to pour out my complaints before you but to appeal to the service industry to improve its service quality. I was hoping the service industry could provide full catering service to every customer. The development of our society calls for high-level service!
I look forward to your opinion on this matter.
Best wishes,


Yours faithfully,
Zhang Shen

[分析] 在写此类书信作文时一定要注意格式问题,否则可能会被扣1~2分格式分。根据提纲要求,本作文前二部分为记叙,后一部分为议论,分二到三段均可。在描述字典的质量问题时,切记不能写成议论文模式(比如:First, … Second, … ),这样会给阅卷者带来不好的印象。

http://www.cnrencai.com/

【2004年6月大学英语六级A卷超详细超精解分析】相关文章:

超详细个人简历范本12-24

超实用东京自助游详细攻略推荐03-27

考研英语真题超精长难句03-01

付海超的大学生创业故事04-22

超唯美的微情书08-29

超个性经典情话集锦11-28

邓超搞笑语录12-11

超经典搞笑的语录11-17

超搞笑语录经典06-06

超有效的企业培训方法05-06